mitochondria
Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration where glucose is broken down using oxygen to release energy as ATP.
ribosomes
are the site of protein synthesis
cytoplasm
a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains organelles. It is the site of many chemical reactions.
cell theory
-all organism has one or more cell
-the cell is the basic organisational of life
-all cells are from pre-existing cells
cell membrane
surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
nucleus
The nucleus controls the activities of the cell and contains genetic material (DNA).
vacuole
contains cell sap (water and salts) and helps keep the cell firm by maintaining turgor pressure.
cell wall
The cell wall provides support, protection and prevents the cell from bursting.
chloroplast
contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
plasmid
a small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria, separate from the main chromosomal DNA.
cell
a cell is the basic unit of life
tissue
a group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.
organs
a group of different tissues working together to perform a specific function.
organ system
a group of organs working together to perform a specific function.
orgnism
An organism consists of all the organ systems working together.
magnification
image size/actual size
animal cell differences
-no cell wall
-no chloroplast
-small or no vacuole
what cell do bacteria not have?
nucleus
cell divisions
New cells are produced by division of existing cells
ciliated cell
move mucus in the trachea and bronchi.
root hair cells
specialised cells designed to absorb water and mineral ions from the soil and have a large surface area.
palisade mesophyll cells
are adapted for photosynthesis; they contain many chloroplasts and are located near the upper surface of the leaf.
red blood cells
specialised cells that contain haemoglobin and are adapted to transport oxygen around the body.
converting units(mm <—> um)
- 1 mm=1000 um
- 1 um=0.001 mm
