b7

Question 1

balanced diet

Answer 1

a diet that contains all the essential nutrients in the correct proportions to maintain health.

Question 2

7 main nutrients group

Answer 2

-carbohydrate
-fats and oil
-proteins
-vitamins
-mineral ions
-fibre
-water

Question 3

carbohydrate source

Answer 3

-bread
-rice
-potatoes
-cereals

Question 4

importance of carbohydrate

Answer 4

-Main source of energy ✔️

-Used in respiration ✔️

Question 5

fats and oil source

Answer 5

Butter, oils, nuts, fatty meats

Question 6

importance of fats and oils

Answer 6

-Energy store ✔️

-Insulation (keeps body warm) ✔️

-Protection (organs cushioning) ✔️

Question 7

proteins source

Answer 7

Meat, fish, eggs, beans, lentils, dairy

Question 8

protein importance

Answer 8

-Growth and repair of tissues ✔️

-Formation of enzymes, hormones, antibodies ✔️

Question 9

vitamin C source

Answer 9

-citric fruit

Question 10

vitamin C importance

Answer 10

-healthy skin and gum
-prevent scurvy
-wound healing

Question 11

vitamin D source

Answer 11

-sunlight
-dairy product

Question 12

vitamin D importance

Answer 12

-absorption of calcium
-formation of strong bones and teeth

Question 13

calcium source

Answer 13

dairy products

Question 14

calcium importance

Answer 14

strong bone and teeth

Question 15

iron sources

Answer 15

red meat,spinach,liver

Question 16

iron importance

Answer 16

-formation of haemoglobin
-transport of oxygen

Question 17

fibre source

Answer 17

-chia seed

-vegetables

Question 18

fibre importance

Answer 18

-aids digestion
-prevents constipation

Question 19

water source

Answer 19

-tea
-juice

Question 20

importance of water

Answer 20

-temperature regulation
-transport nutrient to cells

Question 21

scurvy

Answer 21

happens because of lack of vitamin C

bleeding gums

Question 22

rickets

Answer 22

caused by lack of vitamin D

swollen abdomen

stunted growth

Question 23

ingestion

Answer 23

taking in of food into the body

Question 24

mechanical digestion

Answer 24

the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces to increase its surface area.

Question 25

absorption

Answer 25

movement of digested nutrients from the small intestine into the blood

Question 26

chemical digestion

Answer 26

breakdown of large, insoluble food molecules into small, soluble molecules using enzymes.

Question 27

assimilation

Answer 27

use of nutrients by cells

Question 28

egestion

Answer 28

removal of undigested food as feaces

Question 29

small intestine

Answer 29

duodenum and ileum

Question 30

large intestine

Answer 30

colon and rectum and anus

Question 31

what happens at the mouth

Answer 31

-ingestion -mechanical digestion(chewing) -chemical digestion(salivary amylase break down starch to sugars)

Question 32

salivary glands

Answer 32

-produce saliva -saliva contains amylase(start starch digestion)

Question 32

oesophagus

Answer 32

-move food to stomach using peristalsis

Question 33

stomach

Answer 33

Mechanical digestion ✔️ → churning mixes food Chemical digestion ✔️ → protease breaks proteins → peptides Produces acidic conditions (HCL)✔️ (helps enzymes work)

Question 34

liver

Answer 34

produces bile to emulsify fats and detoxifies harmful substances such as alcohol.”

Question 35

gall bladder

Answer 35

stores bile releases bile into small intestine

Question 36

pancreas

Answer 36

part of the endrocine gland Produces digestive enzymes ✔️: Amylase → starch → sugars Protease → proteins → peptides/amino acids Lipase → fats → fatty acids + glycerol

Question 37

duodenum

Answer 37

connects stomach to small intestine Digestion continues ✔️ Receives: Enzymes from pancreas Bile from liver

Question 38

ileum

Answer 38

-absorption(nutrients enter blood)

Question 39

large intestine

Answer 39

-absorbs water -forms faeces

Question 40

rectum

Answer 40

stores faeces

Question 41

anus

Answer 41

-egestion

Question 42

amylase

Answer 42

Breaks down starch into glucose

Question 43

protease

Answer 43

break down protein into amino acid

Question 44

lipase

Answer 44

triglycerides → fatty acids + glycerol

Question 45

where is amylase secreted?

Answer 45

-salivary gland -pancreas

Question 46

where is protease secreted?

Answer 46

-stomach -pancreas

Question 47

lipase

Answer 47

-pancreas

Question 48

functions of HCl in stomach

Answer 48

-kills harmful microorganism -provides acidic pH

Question 49

role of bile

Answer 49

→ Breaks large fat globules into smaller droplets → Increases surface area for lipase to work faster