b6

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process by which plants synthesise carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.

Question 2

word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Question 3

chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Question 4

chlorophyll

Answer 4

is a green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 5

Chlorophyll transfers energy from light to what?

Answer 5

into chemical energy during photosynthesis

Question 6

uses of carbohydrates

Answer 6

-starch
-cellulose
-glucose
-sucrose
-nectar

Question 7

starch

Answer 7

energy store

Question 8

cellulose

Answer 8

builds cell wall

Question 9

glucose in respiration

Answer 9

releases energy

Question 10

sucrose

Answer 10

transport in phloem

Question 11

nectar

Answer 11

attracts insect for pollination

Question 12

nitrate ions importance

Answer 12

used to make protein

Question 13

magnesium ions importance

Answer 13

needed to make chlorophyll

Question 14

factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 14

-light intensity
-carbon dioxide
-temperature

Question 15

light intensity in photosynthesis

Answer 15

-if light intensity increases=rate of photosynthesis increases

-because increasing light intensity provides more light energy for photo

Question 16

carbon dioxide concentration in photoynthesis

Answer 16

-if CO2 increases=rate of photosynthesis increases

-because more carbon dioxide molecules are available as a raw material for glucose production.

Question 17

temperature affecting photosynthesis

Answer 17

-temp increase=the rate of photosynthesis increases

-enzyme get more kinetic energy, resulting on more succesful collisions

-if too high or past the optimum temp active site may denature and substrate cant bind

Question 18

hydrogen carbonate indicator colours:

Answer 18

-purple
-red/orange
-yellow

Question 19

purple result in hydrogen carbonate indicator

Answer 19

low CO2 conc

Question 20

Red/orange result in hydrogen carbonate indicator

Answer 20

normal CO2

Question 21

yellow result in hydrogen carbonate indicator

Answer 21

high CO2

Question 22

indicator purple when in light

Answer 22

Photosynthesis > respiration
CO₂ is used up
→ Indicator turns purple ✔️

Question 23

indicator color when in dark

Answer 23

No photosynthesis happens (plants can’t use light)
Only respiration occurs, releasing CO₂
CO₂ builds up in the solution

✅ Result: the indicator turns yellow

Question 24

why do leaf have large surface area?

Answer 24

→ absorbs more sunlight energy

Question 25

why are most leaf thin?

Answer 25

short diffusion distance for gases (CO₂ and O₂) → light can penetrate easily to all cells

Question 26

waxy cuticle

Answer 26

-waxy transparent layer on top -reduce water loss while allowing light through

Question 27

upper epidermis

Answer 27

-transparent layer -protective layer

Question 28

palisade mesophyll

Answer 28

-contains many chloroplast -main site of photosynthesis -located near upper surface to recieve maximum light

Question 29

spongy mesophyll

Answer 29

-loosely packed cell with air spaces -allows gas exchange(CO2 and O2 diffusion)

Question 30

air spaces

Answer 30

-Spaces between cells -Increase surface area for gas diffusion

Question 31

lower epidermis

Answer 31

Contains stomata Protects inner tissues

Question 32

stomata

Answer 32

Tiny pores in the leaf taht allow Allow gas exchange to happen(CO₂ in, O₂ out)

Question 33

guard cells

Answer 33

-Control opening and closing of stomata -Regulate gas exchange and water loss

Question 34

vascular bundles

Answer 34

-xylem -phloem

Question 35

xylem

Answer 35

transport water and minerals to leaf

Question 36

phloem

Answer 36

transport sucrose away from leaf