Belief Systems

Question 1

belief systems

Answer 1

• most societies were polytheistic
• social stratification
• animism
• shamanism

Question 2

Hinduism

Answer 2

• Aryans
• Brahma
• goal is to break cycle of life and death, to receive Moksha
• caste system
• Dharma, live moral duty
• Karma helps being born into new caste after being reborn
• no sacred texts
• always kept India together
• Vedhas, Rig-Vedha
• travels into south east Asia and other parts of the world
• reincarnation
• patriarchal society, women cannot reach Moksha
• Sati
• classical India
• helped bring classical Indian society back togehter

Question 3

Buddhism

Answer 3

• reach Nirvanha in one lifetime, appealing to poor and lower caste
• founder Siddhartha Gautama
• four noble truths
• anyone in Buddhism can reach nirvanha
• universal religion
• appealed to poor
• offered monastic lifestyle for men and women

Question 4

three major universal religions

Answer 4

• Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam

Question 5

Ashoka

Answer 5

• kept Buddhism from dying out in India

- helped spread it

Question 6

Confucianism

Answer 6

• cultural belief
• not really a religion
• came out of Waring States period in China
• started by Confucius
• relied heavily on education, virtue, order, and respect
• based on filial piety
• subject to ruler, son to father, younger brother to older brother, wife to husband, junior friend to senior friend
• Analects
• civil service system created in the Han
• blend of Confucianism and Buddhism eventually (Neo-Confucianism)
• brings order and stability, education is praised, respect for elders, civil service exams

Question 7

Daoism

Answer 7

• Warring States period in China
• stresses harmony
• good versus evil
• axial age
• promoted scientific discovery: astronomy, botony, chemistry, fireworks
• harmony with nature, influence on Chinese culture

Question 8

Lao Tzu

Answer 8

• preached Daoism

Question 9

Judaism

Answer 9

• middle east
• first great monothestic faith
• influenced Christianity and Islam
• people had covenant with god, founder was Abraham

Question 10

Christianity

Answer 10

• monotheistic
• developed out of Judaism
• found was Jesus
• Jesus lived his life, died, and was resurrected
• worlds largest religion today and universal religion
• spread after the Fall of Rome
• strong appeal to poor and woman, also rich
• not embraced by early Roman Empire
• spread through Mediterranean world

Question 11

Islam

Answer 11

• universal religion
• Mohammad founder
• united Bedouin nomads of Arab Peninsula
• spread through conquest and missionary activity./trade
• one of fastest spreading religions today

Question 12

in ___________, practiced in classical India, there was no central founder or holy figure

Answer 12

• Hinduism

Question 13

neo-confucianism was the blending of ________

Answer 13

• Buddhism and Confucianism

Question 14

in _______, moksha is the transcendent state and release from reincarnation

Answer 14

• Hinduism

Question 15

one of the central tenets of _____ is that all suffering comes from desire

Answer 15

• Buddhism

Question 16

which statement best describes the effect of Confucian ideology on China’s development?

Answer 16

• emphasize personal virtue across all social classes

Question 17

which of the following was not one of the three major religions adopted around the world

Answer 17

• Hinduism

Question 18

___________, a fundamental belief in Hinduism, reinforced the caste system in classical India

Answer 18

• reincarnation

Question 19

in classical India, one of the Hindu beliefs that Buddha did not accept was ____________

Answer 19

• the caste system

Question 20

during the Era of Warring states in China, Confucius was advocating for ___________

Answer 20

• obedience

Question 21

__________ differs from other major religions in that it is more of a philosophy than a religion

Answer 21

• Confucianism

Question 22

____________ was a belief system in early civilizations that created social mobility

Answer 22

• polytheism

Question 23

____________ promote scientific discovery in Classical China

Answer 23

• Taoism