Cold War: Part 1

Question 1

cold war

Answer 1

• 1946-1991
• 2 global superpowers: US vs Soviet Union
• 2 global military alliances: NATO vs Warsaw pact
• the iron curtain = the Soviet-created, heavily fortified border
• splitting non-Communist Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe
• building of Berlin wall (built by East Germany in 1961 to stop east Germans from leaving east Berlin)

Question 2

policy to stop communism

Answer 2

• led the US to get involved in several cold war conflicts

- Korean War, Vietnam Warm Conflict in Afghanistan, Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 3

Korean War (1950-1953)

Answer 3

• war that never officially ended
• after WWII, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel
• Northern half: to be temporarily occupied by the Soviet Union
• Southern Half: to be temporarily occupied by the US
• by 1948 = 2 separate governments had emerged
• North Korea = Communist - South Korea = Democratic
• by mid-1949 = both the US and the Soviet Union had withdrawn all of their troops from North and South Korea
• June 1950 - North Korea invaded South Korea, wanted to unify the country under a communist government
• United Nations meets in response
• voted to condemn the invasion
• agreed to organize an army to oppose it
• 16 countries contributed troops to UN army, but 90% of those troops came from the US
• leader of the UN army - Douglas MacArthur
• North pushed all the way to Busan perimeter; South and UN pushed them back

Question 4

Korean War part 2

Answer 4

• brief game of back-and-forth followed by a long stalemate
• first few months of war - North Koreans swept southward and conquered almost all of South Korea
• September 1950 - UN forces launched a counterattack, pushed the North Koreans out of South Korea, and advanced until they had conquered almost all of North Korea
• Communist China came to the aid of North Korea Chinese forces and North Koreans able to push UN forces back to a line near the 38th parallel
• July 1951-1953, stalemate occurred along 38th parallel
• July 1953, truce was signed; both sides agreed to divide Korea (was not official ending to war)
• result is 5,000,000 death
• mass devastation of Korea

Question 5

the UN Army under the direction of ___________ was sent to push North Korea back out of South Korea

Answer 5

• Douglas MacArthur

Question 6

after WWII the US was afraid of ________ spreading to other countries

Answer 6

• communism

Question 7

what was the boundary called that divided Europe into two separate areas after WWII

Answer 7

• the iron curtain

Question 8

in June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea with the hopes to make all of Korea ____________

Answer 8

• communist

Question 9

the UN created an army to help push the North Koreans out of South Korea. how many countries contributed troops to the UN army?

Answer 9

• 16