BIO101LExam

Question 1

variables in the experiment kept the same

Answer 1

control variable

Question 2

variable being manipulated (x-axis)

Answer 2

independent control

Question 3

response variable that is being measured (y-axis)

Answer 3

dependent variable

Question 4

large molecules essential for life

Answer 4

macromolecules

Question 5

made of amino acids

Answer 5

proteins

Question 6

fats and oils that store energy and make up cell membranes

Answer 6

lipids

Question 7

sugars and starches that provide energy and structural support

Answer 7

carbohydrates

Question 8

what do you do if the hypothesis is not supported?

Answer 8

state it was incorrect and develop new questions that may arise

Question 9

benedict’s solution
positive: green/yellow/orange/red
negative: blue

Answer 9

Simple sugars

Question 10

Iodine solution
Positive: Dark blue/black
Negative: yellow/brown

Answer 10

Starch

Question 11

Biuret Solution
Positive: violet
Negative: blue

Answer 11

Protein

Question 12

Brown paper
Positive: translucent (grease stain)
Negative: Dry

Answer 12

Lipids test

Question 13

why is water a negative control in experiments?

Answer 13

water doesn’t contain any active ingredients that could interfere with the results

Question 14

Characteristics of DNA running in a gel?

Answer 14

Uses electricity to separate molecules based on size and change. Smaller particles move faster than larger molecules, resulting in separation.

Question 15

DNA characteristics

Answer 15

Double-stranded, composed of nucleotides
Contains a phosphate, sugar, and base

Question 16

RNA characteristics

Answer 16

Single-stranded nucleic acid composed of ribonucleic acids
Contains a ribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen-containing base

Question 17

genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA, mainly mRNA, which is used to carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

Answer 17

Transcription

Question 18

mRNA is translated into a protein at the ribosome, bases are read as triplets

Answer 18

Translation

Question 19

DNA continues to make its own copy by replication for genetic information to be passed to the next during cell division

Answer 19

Replication

Question 20

Sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in DNA or RNA molecules

Answer 20

codons

Question 21

different versions of DNA

Answer 21

alleles

Question 22

two capital letters

Answer 22

homozygous dominant

Question 23

two lowercase letters

Answer 23

homozygous recessive

Question 24

one capital and one lower case letter

Answer 24

heterozygous

Question 25

gene that is expressed even when one copy is present (Bb)

Answer 25

Dominant

Question 26

gene that is expressed when an individual inherits two copies (bb)

Answer 26

recessive

Question 27

genetic characteristics (written in letters)

Answer 27

genotype

Question 28

physical characteristics (written with words)

Answer 28

phenotype

Question 29

___ alleles are towards the bottom of the gel

Answer 29

short

Question 30

___alleles are towards the top of the gel

Answer 30

long