Camplyobacter...(Ex3)

Question 1

General features of Campylobacter

Answer 1

• curved, Gram negative rods
• microaerophilic
• opportunistic extracellular pathogen
• habitat is GI tract or lower genital tract

Question 2

Campylobacter jejuni

• major effect
• transmission
• hosts

Answer 2

• major cause of intestinal illness and diarrhea in humans and animals
• serotypes associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome
• ingestion of contaminated material
• raw chicken, raw milk, contaminated water, diarrheic animals
• chickens are major carrier
• pigs, cattle, dogs, cats, horses, humans, birds

Question 3

Campylobacter jejuni pathogenesis and virulence

Answer 3

• colonizes mucus, invades epithelial cells, and leads to bacteremia
• motility through single bipolar flagellum
• heat labile enterotoxin attributes to diarrhea
• cytolethal distending toxin causes cell cycle arrest

Question 4

What problems/diseases does Campylobacter jejuni cause?

Answer 4

• gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and bacteremia in all species
• abortion in ruminants
• hepatitis in young poultry
• superficial erosive enteritis
• ileitis-colitis

Question 5

Campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis

• main disease caused
• transmission
• general features

Answer 5

• bovine venereal campylobacteriosis
• subclinical infection in preputial crypts of bulls
• transmission at breeding
• obligate animal parasite

Question 6

Campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis clinical signs

Answer 6

• early embryonic death
• repeat breeding, extended cycles
• abortion rare
• no disease in bulls

Question 7

Campylobacter fetus subsp fetus

• habitat
• major disease
• transmission
• signs

Answer 7

• commensals in intestinal tract of cattle and sheep
• causes ovine genital campylobacteriosis
• sheep infected via contaminated food/water, bacteremia
• sheep: inflammation of placenta, abortion storms
• cattle: occasional abortions

Question 8

Helicobacter general features

Answer 8

• small, spirally curved Gram-negative rods
• microaerophilic
• motile, bipolar flagella
• pathogenic and commensals in gastric mucosa and intestine

Question 9

What are Helicobacter hepaticus and H. bilis?

Answer 9

• mouse pathogens involved in hepatic necrosis, nonsuppurative hepatitis, and hepatocellular tumors

Question 10

Virulence factors of Helicobacter

Answer 10

adhesions, flagella, endotoxin, extracellular urease, mucinase, vacuolating cytotoxin, catalase/SOD

Question 11

Lawsonia intracellularis general features, disease caused, signs

Answer 11

• small, spirally curved gram-negative rods
• obligate intracellular
• associated with porcine proliferative enteropathy
• reduced weight gain and proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

Question 12

Helicobacter pylori

• habitiat
• what does it cause

Answer 12

• in stomach
• causes gastric ulcers
• associated with gastric neoplasms

Question 13

Diagnosis of Helicobacter

Answer 13

• endoscopy and biopsy
• urease breath test
• microscopic detection of agent, serology, PCR

Question 14

Treatment of Helicobacter infections

Answer 14

proton pump inhibitors and antimicrobials

Question 15

Treatment of Lawsonia infections

Answer 15

• antimicrobials in feed/water

- resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides