define pharmacology
study of drugs including their origin, properties, and interactions w/ living organisms
define ARDS
-severe lung inflammation-fluid in the alveoli, not enough oxygen to the blood stream
-may occur as a result of trauma, pneumonia, oxygen toxity, gram (-) sepsis, or systemic inflammatory response
define airway resistance
measure of impedance to ventilation caused by movement of gas through airway
define COPD
-disease where airflow is limited, not fully reversible, progressive associated w/ abnormal inflammatory response of lung to noxious particles or gases
conditions: chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, bronchiectasis
define cystic fibrosis
-genetic disease of exocrine gland, affects pancreas, respiratory system & apocrine gland
-symptoms: infancy, increase electrolytes in the sweat. chronic respiratory infection, pancreatic insufficiency
-thick mucus build up in lungs and GI tract
define respiratory syncytial virus
-virus that causes formation of syncytial mass cells
-leads to inflammation of bronchioles
-may cause respiratory distress in infants
list the 5 names of drug
- chemical name
2.code name
3.generic name
4.official name - trade name
branch of government involved in approving new drugs for use
FDA
what book is considered to be the official standard for drugs that are marketed in the US
US pharmacopeia
where can you subscribe to monthly info on drug products and new releases?
drug facts and comparison
how much does pharmaceutical companies spend on average per drug to release in US market
2.6 billion
what is the purpose of testing a new drug on an animal
-observe general effects or potential toxicity of drug
-make sure its safe for humans
what are the 3 phases of new drug approval? how many months does it have to be monitored?
P1- small group of healthy volunteers
P2-larger group w/ disease
P3- multicenter studies
monitored for 6 months after approval
what is the purpose of an orphan drug?
3 examples RT use
-used for rare diseases affecting <200,000
EX: acetylcysteine, prolastin, TOBI,Pulmozayme, survanta
what is a prescription and who can write one?
-written order for a drug
-written by
*physician
*osteopath
*dentist
*veterinarian
*physician assistant
*nurse practitioner
what type medication do not require prescription
Over the counter
what are the benefits of inhaled aerosolized agents?
-smaller dose
-fewer side effects
-rapid onset
-target respiratory system
-painless, relatively safe
what are the common aerosolized agents used in our field?
-adrenergic-bronchiodilators
-anticholinergic-block neurotransmitters, open airways
-mucoactive-loosen mucus
-corticosteroid-inflammation reduction
-anti-asthmatic- relief asthma symptoms
-antiinfective agent-treat respiratory infections
-surfactant instilled directly in trachea-*neonatal, treat RDS
define abbreviation:
q
every
define abbreviation:
qh
every hour
define abbreviation:
qd
everyday
define abbreviation:
bid
twice daily
define abbreviation:
tid
3 times daily
define abbreviation:
qid
4 times daily
