Ch.16 Flashcards by Blake Harper

A typical car fire can generally be brought under control with _______

One engine company w/ 1 hose, 1 set forcible entry

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The majority of vehicle fire to which the fire department responds are ________

passenger vehicles

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Hazards encountered with passenger vehicles can be broken down into 3 broad areas:

Vehicle component
Alternative fuels
Hazardous Cargo

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Air-condtioning systems, when burring emit deadly _______

phosgene gas

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_______ may react violently with water

magnesium

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Catalytic converters can reach temperatures exceeding _______ when functioning improperly.

1500 degrees

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Possible locations for air bags:

side-impact
side-impact air-curtain
dashboard knee
rear-seat
seat belt air bag
foot air bags

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________ makes air bags fro motorcycles.

Honda

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Typically air bags deploy regardless of _____________

wether their respective seat is occupied

*designed to deploy when the vehicle is struck from front, rear, or side

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Smart air bag systems may not deploy in a vehicle crash when ______ or _________

small passenger is seated

- no passenger is seated

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Most manufacturers utilize ______ wire to indicate air bag systems.

Bright Yellow

*DO NOT CUT can deploy air bag

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Why are alternative-fuels vehicles becoming more common?

Federal Government pushing to reduce emissions

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Alternative-fuel vehicles:

hybrid gas-electric
fully electric
hydrogen-powered
bio-disel-powered
liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
Compressed natural Gas (CNG)

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These types of vehicles are mostly used in fleet services, due to the lack of infrastructure for refueling:

LPG and CNG vehicles

Ex. law enforcement
Present explosion hazard under fire

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Only way to know whether a vehicle operates on LPG or CNG is by either _______ or _________

having prior knowledge

- noting a slightly different type of fuel door

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Emergency response guidelines for hybrid vehicles are also available _____ and ________

online, obtainable through a simple internet search

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Sometimes the only identifying mark for a Hybrid vehicle is __________ or _____________

differently shaped antenna

- hybrid label on the rear of the vehicle

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Hybrid vehicles can be identified by _________ components under the vehicles hood.

bright orange components

*DO NOT CUT ORANGE WIRES

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Hybrid vehicles battery powered system is separate form the battery starting system. Battery starting system is a _____ and can be located anywhere. The battery-powered system may be Lithium-ion and is located _____

12-volt

- Under the vehicles floorboard

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2 types of electric vehicles:

plug-in electric vehicle- underhood generator
9. 3 gallon fuel tank

-Fully electric vehicle- 100%- Nissan Leaf
Range of approx. 100 miles

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In January of 2012, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) released a document titled ______________-

“Interm Guidance of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Equipped with High Voltage Batteries”

*contains info about vehicles for vehicle owners, law enforcement, MES, Fire Dept., Towing, Vehicle Storage

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“Interm Guidance of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Equipped with High Voltage Batteries” document also notes a special concern for __________________

vehicle fires involving a lithium-ion battery

*more info found on NHTSA website

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NHTSA document highlights these considerations:

Always assume High-voltage battery is energized and fully charged
Potential for high-voltage shock
Venting/off-gassing high voltage battery vapors are toxic and flammable
Physical damage cause immediate or delayed release of toxic and or flammable gas and fire

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The emissions of these vehicles is essentially water:

Hydrogen fuel-cell powered vehicle

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Operate much like hybrids, but they have a THIRD component that utilizes energy taken directly from the environment

Tribrid Vehicle

Alternative fuel source is E-85, this is a combination:

15% gasoline | 85% ethanol

Fires involving E-85 (or gas-ethanol mixture of more than 10 % ethanol should be treated the same as:

Polar-water-miscible flammable liquid

E-85 fuels are highly flammable and heavier than air. To extinguish these fires, you must use ____________

alcohol-reistant foam

A concern with gasoline-ethanol fires is that they are ______________

NOT as visible as gasoline fires

There are over ______ E-85 vehicles on the road in the U.S

6 million

E-85 fueled vehicles do not have any special markings. The only reliable method to identify an E-85 fueled vehicle is to _______________

Gain information from the vehicle driver

Potentially hazardous cargo includes:

- Welding equipment | - Any unidentifiable item

Number one incident priority for fighting vehicle fires is __________

Life Safety

The first order of business for vehicle fire is ______________

Properly placing the fire apparatus to block traffic

Approach should be made on a ________________ not straight on when fighting vehicle fire.

45 degree angle to the front or rear of car

If no vehicle owner or occupant is in the immediate vicinity or there are suspicious circumstances, then __________

vehicle must be searched thoroughly

Once permitted, the vehicles wheels should be _______

chocked

The hose line should come off the _____ side of the engine.

Curb

For searching a vehicle:

- Start with area most likely to have vehicle occupants (usually the front seat) check floorboard - Back Seat next

If vehicle is abandoned or suspicious, make sure you check the _______

trunk

The safest approach to search and rescue of vehicle is to perform it ___________

Simultaneously with extinguishment operations | *Fire should be swept away from passenger compartments until search can be made

If vehicles are in parking lot and Keys to endangered vehicles are available, firefighters should ________________

move endangered vehicles away

Confinement of vehicle fires is accomplished through ________

direct extinguishment

_______ is the extinguishment agent of choice for most passenger cars, vans, and light-duty truck fires.

Water

For flowing-fuel fires consider the application of _____

Foam

For small-engine compartment fires, _______ can be very effective

dry chemical

Usually a straight stream of water can be directed at the side window. Cool water on the hot glass will cause _____________

the glass to break and thus vent the car

Overhauling a passenger car consists of opening _____ compartments of the vehicle and checking for extension.

ALL

Salvaging what document from the glove compartment with make things easier for the investigating authority?

Vehicle registration and proof of insurance

Any large commercial truck that either pulls a trailer or has a cargo box on the same frame is considered a ______ or ________

semitrailer or heavy-duty truck | *Key component is that these vehicles have type of cargo too large for personal use

________ is a typical hazard found in large commercial trucks and semi-trailers.

Inaccessibility of the cab

The cab of commercial trucks and semi-trailers can be situated ______ above ground

several feet

_______ fail under fire conditions and cause the trailer to drop several inches.

air-suspension systems

Saddle Tanks:

- typical on large commercial trucks - large fuel tanks under driver and passenger doors - Usually carry diesel fuel (can carry gasoline) - Range in size from 25-100 gallons

Older cabs, manufactured by Ford Motor and International Trucks, were engineered with the engine _________

Under the cab | *when engine is under cab, FF will need someone with specialized knowledge

Material used in modern cabs:

- steel - fiberglass - plastic

The greatest distinction between commercial trucks/semitrailer fires and passenger vehicle fires is __________

large amounts of hazardous cargo

Minimum response levels for a large truck fire should be ____________

2 Engines and IC

Tractor-trailer fires possess one unique exposure protection need. Firefighter may need to protect the trailer from a cab. This is accomplished by _________

Separating the cab from the trailer

For overhauling commercial trucks or semi-trailers fire fighter may need to _________

Off-load the product

Recreational Vehicles:

- Class A motorhomes - Class C motorhomes - passanger bus conversions - van campers - travel trailers - truck campers - pop-ups (tent campers)

- Large RV's with a modular body on a frame | - These vehicles are self-contained units that can have air-conditioners, refrigerators, bathrooms, and generators

Class A motor homes

Like Class A motor homes except they have a truck or van chassis and a cab with modular camping unit attached to the back frame -Passangers can access the cab form the inside

Class C motor homes

Van Campers are also known as ________

Class B motor homes

- Oversized custom vans that have been converted into campers - have small bathrooms, cooking areas with refrigerator

Van Campers

_______, ______, and ______ are all campers that are not attached to a vehicle.

- Travel trailers - truck campers - pop-ups

Hazards unique to RV's:

- LPG tanks- located anywhere - Anhydrous Ammonia - in refrigeration systems - RV's waste or grey water

Water that is held after use (washing dishes or brushing teeth):

Gray Water

Waste tanks, that contain human waste from bathroom use:

Black Water

When assessing an occupied RV with rules or _______ apply

one-or two- family dwelling | *RIT or RIC crew should be standing by required by OSHA

Hazards associated with Heavy Equipment:

- Large Tires- explode under fire conditions - Large amount of hydraulic fluid -over 100 gallons - Higher positioning of occupants-inaccessible cockpit - Large equipment, threaten to fall

Heavy equipment have large amounts of hydraulic fluid over _______

100 gallons

Hazards encountered in transportation vehicles:

- storage of human waste - emergency escape windows that close with violent force if not popped open - Multiple large battery banks - alternative fuel sources - large tires that explode

In most public transportation buses, the engine is located in the _________ and doors are located in the _______

- engine - rear of the bus | - doors - front

Older buses will have designated emergency exits in the ________ of the bus.

Rear and sides

______ in modern buses, are designed to be emergency exits.

All windows

School buses have the engine and main door entrance located in the ______ with emergency exits in the _________

- Front | - Rear and side windows

Basically a building on wheels:

Recreational Vehicles (RV's)

Any large truck, such as box truck, generally utilized for commercial application, but may also be utilized for private use.

Heavy-duty truck

Any large commercial truck that pulls a trailer, sometimes referred to as an 18-wheeler, or a tractor trailer

Semitrailer

Ch.16 Flashcards

(80 cards)