Ch.4

Question 1

The meaning of words in a communications process is based on ________ and ________

Answer 1

• prior understanding

- knowledge

Question 2

Fire-ground terminology may depend on ______ or _____ received within an individual department.

Answer 2

• geographic area

- training

Question 3

The National Fire Academy (NFA) course Managing Company Tactical Operations introduces a 6 step communications model that can be applied to any emergency service communications:

Answer 3

1. Sender formulates an idea
2. Sender sends message
3. Message transferred through medium
4. Receiver receives message
5. Receiver interprets message
6. Receiver provides feedback to sender

Question 4

Defined as a step toward solving a problem in which information is gathered:

Answer 4

size-up

Question 5

All information needed for size-up can fit into 3 areas:

The Size-Up Triangle:

Answer 5

-Environment
(construction, Time, weather, occupancy)
-Resources
(equipment, personnel)
-Conditions
(Situation: whats on fire, where is fire now, where is going, what harm has caused or will it cause)

Question 6

The Condition/Situation of fire triangle scene size-up should answer 4 questions:

Answer 6

• What is on Fire
• Where is the fire now
• Where is it going
• what harm has it caused or will it potentially cause

Question 7

The first priority Life Safety is most easily done by ________________

Answer 7

Limiting the exposure of danger to people to the absolute minimum.

Question 8

Defensive attacks are usually accomplished with ______ and ______. FF are outside immediate area of fire danger, and collapse zones are established.

Answer 8

• Large caliber exterior streams

- Large handlines

Question 9

A red placard with an R indicates a ________________

Answer 9

Lightweight truss roof

Question 10

Property Conservation at a wildland fire may involve ____________ by outside agencies.

Answer 10

land restoration

Question 11

3 commonly known systems are:

Answer 11

• REVAS
• REEVAS
• RECEOVS

Question 12

REVAS:

Answer 12

• Rescue
• Evacuation
• Ventilation
• Attack
• Salvage

Question 13

REEVAS:

Answer 13

• Rescue
• Evacuation
• Emergency Care
• Ventilation
• Attack
• Salvage

Question 14

RECEOVS:

Answer 14

• Rescue
• Exposure
• Confinement
• Extinguishment
• Overhaul
• Ventilation
• Salvage

Question 15

The NFA course Hazardous Materials Operating Site Practices lists ____ strategic goals for hazardous materials operations.

Answer 15

8

Question 16

The NFA course Hazardous Materials Operating Site Practices lists 8 strategic goals for hazardous materials operations.

Answer 16

• Isolation
• Notification
• Identification
• Protection
• Spill control
• Leak control
• Fire Control
• Recovery and Termination

Question 17

Emergency Medical service system responders are trained in ____ strategic goals for medical incidents:

Answer 17

6

• Gaining access
• Triage
• Stabilization
• Extrication
• Packaging
• Transporting

Question 18

____ goals must be considered at every fire incident to ensure that the incident priorities are satisfied:

Answer 18

9

• Fire Fighter Safety
• Search and Rescue
• Evacuation
• Exposure Protection
• Confinement
• Extinguishment
• Ventilations
• Overhaul
• Salvage

Question 19

______ factors help to determine what strategic goals need to be implemented.

Answer 19

Size-up

Question 20

_______ are designed to meet the incident priorities.

Answer 20

Strategic Goals

Question 21

_______ are more specific functions that are designed to meet strategic goals.

Answer 21

Tactical objectives

Question 22

_________ are more specific and have measurable results.

Answer 22

Tactical objectives

Question 23

_______ satisfy Tactical Objectives

Answer 23

Tactical Methods

Question 24

Tactical Methods are the processes employed at the ________

Answer 24

Task level

Question 25

________ is developed after the size-up, or information-gathering process, and gives consideration to the strategic goals and tactical objectives that have beed identified.

Answer 25

The Action Plan

Question 26

The action plan can be communicated by what methods:

Answer 26

- face-to-face - Use of aids or runners - Radio Communication - Written Plan (for complex and long)

Question 27

Decision making process that has been researched by the Klein Association:

Answer 27

Recognition-primed decision making (RPD)

Question 28

Developed from research that considered how fire-ground commanders, military, high-pressure, time-sensitive decision makers make decisions:

Answer 28

Recognition Primed Decision making

Question 29

Model implies 9 out of 10 cases does not make decision based on selection choices, but rather based on previous experience; and the option is based on whether it has worked effectively in previous similar situations.

Answer 29

Recognition Primed Decision making

Question 30

- IC and FF's have a mix of experience - Must be learned and practiced in real situations or simulations - Importance of post incident analysis is also underscored when examining this process

Answer 30

Recognition Primed Decision Making

Question 31

The RPD process is being replaced in the fire service curricula by what the NFA teaches in its Command and Control curriculum as _____________

Answer 31

Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)

Question 32

This decision making process is concerned with how real or ideal decision makers make their decisions:

Answer 32

Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)

Question 33

This theory is concerned with identifying the best alternative to take and assumes the decision maker is fully informed, rational, and able to compute the information at hand:

Answer 33

Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)

Question 34

- embodies descriptive decision theory framework based on knowledge and experience. - Came about after reviewing decision making as it relates to people in real life. - Theory states people make decisions based on past experience - IC uses ability to recognize signs of smoke movement and color, type of structure, and visible location - IC must use both recognition knowledge base and procedural knowledge base. - Must train as they will function - Realistic training exercises are essential

Answer 34

Naturalistic Decision Making

Question 35

_______ is taught by the NFA in its Command and Control Curriculum

Answer 35

Classical decision-making model

Question 36

________ and _______ are both taught by the NFA in its Command and Control Curriculum.

Answer 36

- Naturalistic Decision Making | - Classical Decision Making

Question 37

Model is used when IC's are confronted with a situation they have not experienced in the past.

Answer 37

Classical Decision Making

Question 38

This decision making process is based on a 4-step process by which ICs can make their decision:

Answer 38

Classical Decision Making

Question 39

Classical Decision Making is based on a 4-step process by which ICs can make a decision:

Answer 39

1. Aim - what IC wants to accomplish 2. Factors - things that affect decision 3. Courses - Options IC has to accomplish Aim 4. Plan - (action plan) course of action

Question 40

The most important factor for any incident command decision maker is to ____________________

Answer 40

Develop a logical thought process to evaluate the incident

Question 41

The only factors that never change in regard to incident command decision making are the _____________

Answer 41

Incident Priorities - Life Safety - Incident Stabilization - Property Conservation

Question 42

Size-up is an ongoing information analysis that begins ___________

Answer 42

before the incident occurs

Question 43

A model of how people make quick, effective decisions when faced with complex situations:

Answer 43

Recognition-primed Decision making (RPD)