What are the 3 models of health?
behavioural, biomedical and population
What are the benefits of taking a population health approach?
Multi-level approach has policy and political implications
What position does RWJF take?
biomedical and behavioural model
What’s Michael Marmot’s view?
- Population level health differences arise from social inequalities, not the fault of individuals.
- Reducing health inequalities is tied to social justice.
Why is ideology important?
The link between existing social, political and economic arrangements, how human health is understood and who and what is responsible for bad health is ideology.
Describe individual level models of health and liberal ideology
- Biomedical thinking is conditioned by marketplace in healthcare
- Behavioural thinking aligns with liberal ideology
Describe globalization and human health
Bad policy harms health
Describe the effects of climate change on health
- Canada and US are the worst offenders in terms of climate change due to the energy sector
- Rising temperatures and changes in ice cover are disrupting food production
- Global warming leads to severe weather events
- Failure to regulate the transport and oil industries harms us and future generations
How is globalization linked to nutrition?
- Distribution and sales of food are dominated by major food distributors and retailers
- Profits mainly go to retailers
What are the 2 types of economies?
coordinated market economies (CMEs) and liberal market economies (LMEs)
How do they differ?
Regulation of the labour market
Name 2 examples of coordinated market economies
Germany and the Netherlands
Describe the characteristics of CME countries
- Highly regulated wages and benefits
- More standardized working conditions
- Shorter working hours
- Guaranteed paid leave provisions and pensions
- More generous unemployment insurance and job-training benefits
Give 2 examples of LME countries
Canada and the US
How can policy help foster population health?
fair, accountable, participatory mechanisms that foster human rights and personal development
Describe the characteristics of LME countries
- Flexible employment vs standard employment
- Limited government regulation
- Shift workers face more adverse health outcomes
How can we achieve population health?
- Advocating for fair treatment of mothers and children
- Greater gender equity
- less social exclusion and racism
- more inclusive and supportive communities
- better environmental stewardship
- more accountable governments and corporations
- fairer employment practices
- physical and social environments conducive to human activity are necessary to achieve population health
Why does ideology matter?
- Ideology is ubiquitous and runs deep
What effect does neoliberalism have on health?
- Rise of consumerism and neo-liberalism play a role in adverse health
What is key to Northern European ideology?
- Northern European countries tend to embrace a solidarity principle.
