forensic DNA phenotyping
considering SNP markers to identify variations of eye, hair, and skin color as well as population frequencies, to identify remains from body parts
variable nimber of tandem repeats
repeats that are 10-80 DNA bases long, used jn early DNA profiling technology
restriction enzyme
an enzyme typically from a bacterium, that cuts DNA at a specific sequence. Used in early DNA profiling, to create recombinant DNA molecules, and in genome editing
how do you calculate an allele frequency
take number of allele divided by total number of alleles in population
micro evolution
small genetic changes due to changing allelic frequencies in populations
what factors change genotypic frequencies
nonrandom mating
migration
genetic drift
mutation
natural selection
macroevolution
formation of new species because enough microevolutionary changes occurred to prevent offspring from
why is hwe important
it established that recessive alleles dont just disappear over time and genotypic frequency remains constant
how do you find heterozygous in hwe
1- p^2 - q^2
what does CODIS use
13 STR markers
challenges of DNA profiling
climate
degraded DNA
lack of relatives
no lan facilities
overwhelming number of casualties
dna profiling can identify victims in
natural disasters
genocide
reuniting families
forensic DNA phenotyping
what does a higher limit of centimorgans indicate
closer relationship, first cousins
genetic genealogy
compare SNPs to connect relatives who submitted DNA
genetic genealogy
compare SNPs to connect relatives who submitted DNA
