antiparallelism
the head-to-toe orientation of the two nucleotide chains of the DNA double helix
chromatin
DNA and its associated proteins
complementary base pairs
the pairs of DNA bases that form hydrogen bonds;adenine bonds to thymine and guanine bonds to cytosine
deoxyribose
a 5-carbon sugar that is part of a DNA nucleotide
DNA polymerase
an enzyme that adds new bases to replicating DNA and corrects mismatched base pairs
histone
A type of protein around which DNA coils in a regular pattern
ligase
an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds in the sugar phosphate backbone of a nucleic acid
next-generation sequencing
sequencing millions of small pieces of DNA simultaneously in order to reconstruct a genome sequence
nucleosome
A unit of chromatin structure, consisting of DNA coiled around an octet of histone proteins
nucleotide
The building block of a nucleic acid consisting of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous space and a five carbon sugar
polymerase chain reaction
A nucleic acid amplification technique in which a DNA sequence is replicated in a test tube. It is used to rapidly produce many copies of a specific DNA sequence.
purine
A nucleic acid base with a two ring structure, adenine and guanine
pyrimidine
A nucleic acid base with a single ring structure, cytosine, thymine, and uracil
replication fork
A locally opened portion of a replicating, DNA double helix
ribose
A five carbon sugar that is part of RNA
semiconservative replication
DNA synthesis along each separated, strand of the double helix
sugar-phosphate backbone
The rails of a DNA double helix consisting of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate groups orientated opposite one another
who discovered bacterial transformation (horizontal gene transfer)
frederick Griffith rough vs smooth vs heat killed smooth and rough
what was the result of frederic griffiths experiment
DNA was what killed mice not its proteins
what is the hershey chase experiment
radioactive sulfur and phosphorus
spun the tube
what was the result of the hershey-chase experiment
the DNA is what made viruses viral
viral bacteria on bottom of tube
what did friedrich miescher do
isolated nuclein in white blood cell nuclei
Avery MacLeod and McCarty
dna trasnmits killing ability in bacteria
hershey-chase
nucleic acie infects and replicates not protein
