Chapter 18

Question 1

What was the War in Balkans?

Answer 1

A 1912 war where Slavs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, assissted by Serbia and Montenegro revolted against Turkish rule after the Ottoman Empire weakened

Question 2

What did Russia do in the Balkan War?

Answer 2

Tried to get control of Caonstantinople and Dardanelles

Question 3

What is the Russo-Turkish War?

Answer 3

A 1877 conflict between the Ottoman and Russian Empire where Russia wanted to recover territorial losses in the Crimean War and free the Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire

Question 4

What is the Treaty of San Stefano?

Answer 4

A 1878 Treaty that ended the Russo-Turkish War and freed the Slavic states in Balkans

Question 5

What is jingoism?

Answer 5

Extreme patriotism in a aggressive manner

Question 6

What is the Congress of Berlin?

Answer 6

A 1878 congress revising the terms in the Treaty of San Stefano

Question 7

What were the effects of the Congress of Berlin?

Answer 7

Bulgaria reduced by 2/3 and lost Aegean sea access, Austria occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina

Question 8

What country did Britain and France receive from the Congress?

Answer 8

Cyprus and Tunisia

Question 9

What is the 1879 Dual Alliance?

Answer 9

Germany and Austria would aid each other if Russia attacked

Question 10

What is the Triple Alliance?

Answer 10

An 1882 pact between Austria, Germany and Italy

Question 11

What is the Reinsurance Treaty of 1887?

Answer 11

Russia and Germany would remain neutral if attacked

Question 12

Who was William II?

Answer 12

The last German emperor elected in 1888 who ruled with divine right and wanted equality with Britain

Question 13

What is the First Moroccan Crisis?

Answer 13

A 1905 crisis where William II challenged France by advocating for Moroccan independence

Question 14

Who was Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz?

Answer 14

formed risk theory to build a strong fleet to damage British fleets to make them inferior

Question 15

Who sided with Germany during the Moroccan Crisis?

Answer 15

Austria

Question 16

What is Triple Entente?

Answer 16

A 1907 pact against the Triple Alliance between Britian, France, and Russia

Question 17

What is the Bosnian Crisis?

Answer 17

A 1908 crisis where Austria annexed Bosnia under the support of Russia

Question 18

What was the Second Moroccan Crisis?

Answer 18

A 1911 crisis where French troops and Germany’s SMS Panther were diployed in Morocco for territorial compensation

Question 19

Who was Archduke Francis Ferdinand?

Answer 19

The heir presumptive to Austria-Hungary’s throne before his assassination who raised the status of Slavs

Question 20

What was the second Balkan War?

Answer 20

A 1913 war where Italy’s attack on the Ottoman Empire to preempt the French encouraged the Balkan states to attack the Ottoman Empire

Question 21

What countries were involved in the Second Balkan War?

Answer 21

Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Greece against Bulgaria

Question 22

What were the effects of the Second Balkan War?

Answer 22

Independent principality of Alabnia and Serbia withdrew from Austrian pressure

Question 23

What is Blank Check

Answer 23

A pledge of support given by William II to Austria on 1914

Question 24

When did Austria declare war on Serbia?

Answer 24

July 28, 1914

Question 25

Who were the Allies?

Answer 25

France, UK, Russia, US, Italy, and Japan

Question 26

Who were the Central Powers?

Answer 26

Germany, Austria, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria

Question 27

What was the Schlieffen Plan of 1905?

Answer 27

Alfred von Schliffen's plan to invade France through Beligum to quickly defeat them

Question 28

When did Britain introduce the tank?

Answer 28

1916

Question 29

What was the March Revolution?

Answer 29

A 1917 uprising caused by the collapse of Tsar Nicholas II's monarchy and placed the Bolsheviks in power

Question 30

When did the U.S. declare war on Germany?

Answer 30

April 6, 1917

Question 31

What did the Bolsheviks do during WW1?

Answer 31

Took Russia out of the war and established a Communist party

Question 32

What did Menshiviks believe?

Answer 32

Russia had to continue the war and have a bourgeoisie before the proletariat revolution

Question 33

What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Answer 33

A 1918 Treaty between Russia and the Central Powers where Russia withdew from the war

Question 34

Who are White Russians?

Answer 34

Anti-communists in the Russian Empire acting as a military dictatorship

Question 35

What were Fourteen Points?

Answer 35

Woodrow Wilson's idealistic war aims for a lasting peace

Question 36

What are mandates?

Answer 36

The assigning of former German colonies and Turkish territories in the Middle East to Western Countries as de facto colonies under vague conditions that they might achieve independence

Question 37

What is the Balfour Declaration?

Answer 37

A 1917 statement supporting the establishment of a national home for Jewish people

Question 38

What is the League of Nations?

Answer 38

THe association of sovereign states set up after WW1 to pursue common policies and avert international aggression

Question 39

When did WW1 end?

Answer 39

Nov. 11, 1918

Question 40

What did the Young Turks do?

Answer 40

Pro-German officers who ended the Ottoman Empire

Question 41

What did Anaturk do?

Answer 41

Abolished Ottoman sultanate and turned Turkey's population Muslim

Question 42

What is the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 42

A Treaty signed in 1919 that ended the state of war between Germany and Allies

Question 43

How much was the compensation for damages in WW1?

Answer 43

$15-$25 billion

Question 44

What is war guilt cause?

Answer 44

Clause 231 of the Versailles Treaty which placed sole blame for WW1 on Germany

Question 45

What were some countries placed under Britain and France as chief mandates?

Answer 45

Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Southwest Africa, New Guinea

Question 46

Who was T.E. Lawrence?

Answer 46

A British officer who led Arab nationalist groups to believe they might have independence

Question 47

What was the Weimar Republic?

Answer 47

The German democratic regime that existed between the end of WW1 and Hitler's coming to power in 1933

Question 48

Who was John Maynard Keynes?

Answer 48

An economist who argued the Treaty of Versailles was immoral and unworkable

Question 49

What was the The Economic Consequences of the Peace?

Answer 49

A book by Keynes that criticized reparations and economic aspects of peace of the Treaty of Versailles

Question 50

What did the elimination of the Austro-Hungarian Empire do?

Answer 50

Created new borders and tarrifs separating raw materials, Poland contained German, Lithuanian, and Ukrainian minorities