Chapter 20

Question 1

What is Lebensraum?

Answer 1

living space, the Nazi plan to colonize and exploit Slavic areas for Germany

Question 2

What is the Lytton Report?

Answer 2

A 1932 League of Nations report stating Japan must withdraw from Manchuria

Question 3

What is the Stresa Front?

Answer 3

A 1935 alliance between France, Italy , and the UK against Nazi Germany

Question 4

Why did Mussolini invade Ethiopia?

Answer 4

To avenge defeat in 1896 Adwa Battle and restore Roman glory

Question 5

What was the League of Nation’s response to Mussolini’s invasion of Ethiopia?

Answer 5

The League limited loans, credits, and oil to Italy

Question 6

What are the Axis Powers?

Answer 6

The alliance between Nazi Germany and fascist Italy

Question 7

What did Hitler do to the Rhineland?

Answer 7

Invaded in 1936 and breached Locarno Agreements

Question 8

What did France and Britain do in response to the invasion of the Rhineland?

Answer 8

Nothing

Question 9

What is the Maginot Line?

Answer 9

A 280 mile array of defenses France built along its border to prevent invasion

Question 10

What is appeasement?

Answer 10

The policy of making concessions to Germany to avoid a crisis

Question 11

What was the Spanish Civil War?

Answer 11

A 1936 war between the Popular Front and the Second Spanish Republic

Question 12

What were the effects of the Spanish Civil War?

Answer 12

Axis supported Francisco Franco, fascists won when Barcelona fell to Franco in 1939

Question 13

Who was Francisco Franco?

Answer 13

A dictator who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic

Question 14

What is Anschluss?

Answer 14

The annexation of Austria by Germany in 1938, meaning union

Question 15

Who was Neville Chamberlain?

Answer 15

A British prime minister who opened the policy of appeasement

Question 16

What is Sudentenland?

Answer 16

An area in Czechoslovaki that contained 3.5 million Germans

Question 17

What is the Munich agreement?

Answer 17

A 1938 agreement stating Czecholsovakia should surrender Sudentenland to Germany

Question 18

What was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?

Answer 18

A 1939 pact between Germany and Russia, allowing Russia to occupy the Baltic states and Germany to invade Poland

Question 19

When did Britain and France declare war on Germany?

Answer 19

Sept. 1, 1939

Question 19

What is Blitzkrieg?

Answer 19

Lighting war, the German tactic of employing fast moving machinery to overwhelm the enemy

Question 20

Who is Winston Churchill?

Answer 20

A British Prime Minister who critiqued Hitler, inspired the British people, and was friends with FDR

Question 21

What was the Battle of Britain?

Answer 21

Airstrikes from Luftwaffe on London and Engla,d, killing 15,000 people and destroying most of the city

Question 22

What was Operation Barbarossa?

Answer 22

The invasion of Russia by Nazi Germany in 1941. It failed when Hitler decided strategy

Question 23

What is the Third Reich?

Answer 23

Hitler’s regime in Germany from 1933-1945

Question 24

What is germanization?

Answer 24

The spread of the German language, people, and culture

Question 25

What was Pearl Harbor?

Answer 25

General Hideki Tojo launched a Dec. 7, 1941 on Pearl Harbor and destroy American fleets and airplanes

Question 26

What caused Pearl Harbor?

Answer 26

U.S. froze Japanese assets out of fear of Japanese attack

Question 27

What were the effects of Pearl Harbor?

Answer 27

U.S. and Britain declared war on Dec. 8, Germany and Italy declared war on U.S. on Dec. 10

Question 28

Who was Erwin Rommel?

Answer 28

Known as "Desert Fox," a general who drove the British back to Egypt during Mussolini's invasion of Italy

Question 29

What was the Battle of Stalingrad?

Answer 29

A battle over Stalingrad and its oil fields where Hitler lost a entire German army

Question 30

What was D-day?

Answer 30

Jun. 6, 1944, troops landed on Normandy and liberated France by Sept.

Question 31

What is precision bombing?

Answer 31

The dropping of aerial bombs on a narrowly defined target

Question 32

What is area bombing?

Answer 32

Air bombardment where aircraft tries to hit a large target area

Question 33

What was the Battle of the Bulge?

Answer 33

The last major German offensive campaign on Belgium where the Allies crossed into the Rhine in 1945 and the Germans crumbled

Question 34

What is island hopping?

Answer 34

The capture of major bases and strategic sites along enemy lines

Question 35

When did America drop the atomic bomb on HIroshima?

Answer 35

Aug. 6. 1945

Question 36

WHen did America drop a bomb on Nagasaki?

Answer 36

Aug. 9. 1945

Question 37

When did WW2 end?

Answer 37

Sept. 2. 1945

Question 38

What is Untermenschen?

Answer 38

meaning subhuman, refering to Jews, Roma, and Slavs

Question 39

What is the Holocaust?

Answer 39

The Nazi extermination of Jews from 1940-1945

Question 40

What did the Nazis do to Polish Jews?

Answer 40

limited marriage to keep down birthrate, deported them, sent them to ghettos

Question 41

Who was Jozef Pilsudski?

Answer 41

A Polish statesman who favored including Jews within the civil defintion of Poland

Question 42

What percent of Jews died in Lodz and Warsaw ghettos?

Answer 42

20%

Question 43

What were the notable concentration camps?

Answer 43

Auschwitz and Treblinka

Question 44

What was ZEGOTA?

Answer 44

A 1942 organization protectin gand aiding the escape of thousands of Polish Jews

Question 45

What influenced anti-Semitism?

Answer 45

Nationalism for homeland, Englightenment obsession with perfect societys, propaganda

Question 46

Who is Heinrich Himmler?

Answer 46

A Nazi military leader who planned to eliminate 30 million Slavs to make room from Germans

Question 47

Who was Joseph Goebbels?

Answer 47

The Nazi propaganda minister who used the radio and films to boost the Nazi cause and frighten inhabitants of an Allied victory

Question 48

What was the Vichy government?

Answer 48

The collaborationist government in Nazi-occupied France

Question 49

Who was Charles de Gaulle?

Answer 49

A French general who organized the Free French Forces against Germany and Vichy France

Question 50

Who was Lord Beaverbrook?

Answer 50

A British publisher who led the effort in the Battle of Britain

Question 51

What is the Great Patriotic War?

Answer 51

A 1941 war where Germany launched a surprise attack on the Soviet Union as a part of Operation Barbarossa

Question 52

What were the effects of the Great Patriotic War?

Answer 52

Soviets caught off guard, Hitler failed, Stalin made peace with Russian Orthodox Church

Question 53

What is the Atlantic Charter?

Answer 53

A 1941 treaty between Roosevelt and Churchill that continued cooperation

Question 54

What happened in Tehran in 1943?

Answer 54

The USSR, Britain, and US agreed to dismember Germany and choose Europe's west coast for the main point of attack

Question 55

What did Churchill and Stalin agree to?

Answer 55

Share power in the Balkans, Western predominance in Greece, equality of influence in Yugoslavia and Hungary

Question 56

What happened in Yalta?

Answer 56

The Big Three made concessions to Russia and Allies provided safeguards against Germany revival

Question 57

What is Potsdam?

Answer 57

A 1945 meeting where Poland received administration over East Prussia and Germany was divided into occupation zones