What is the criminal justice system
- agencies, organizations, personnel involved in prevention of and response to crime
- persons charged and convicted of crime
What is the flow of cases
incident - police response - criminal court process - corrections and parole system
What is the purpose of the criminal justice system
- prevent and respond to criminal behaviour where justice is achieved
- rights of victims and offenders are respected and
- communities are safe and secure
What is the Constitution Act 1867
DIVISION OF GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
- federal = determines behaviours that constitute criminal offences
- provincial - law enforcement and administering CJS
What are the models of Criminal Justice Administration
Crime control model and due process model
What is the crime control model?
- protection of public
- swift, certain, efficient
- rights of victim
- strong presumption of guilt
- conservative
What is the due process model
- ensure equal justice for all citizens
- deliberate, ensure procedural fairness
- rights of criminal defendants
- presumption of innocence
- Liberal
What is the adversarial system of criminal justice mean?
- presumption of innocence
- burden of proof (crown must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt)
- Innocent or Guilty?? (judge or jury make decisions on evidence)
What are criticisms of Adversarial system
- process encourages parties to present distorted version of events
- quality of legal representation?
- Ability of CJS to solve problems rather than simply react
- certain accused may be at a disadvantage
What are dynamics of CJ
- human enterprise
- part of community
decision making in diverse settings - TASK ENVIRONMENT
-DISCRETION at all stages = disparity in decision making
How to measure CJS Effectiveness
- public confidence and trust
- ability to prevent and respond to crime
- ability to address needs of victims, communities, offenders
- USE OF EVIDENCE BASED PRACTISES
- adherence to the CHARTER and RULE OF LAW
- Equality under the law
What are two factors that impede CJS from acting as a system
- different mandates of agencies
- lack of interoperability - databases cannot communicate with one another
