can be defined as a trophic interaction in which a level (predator) derives energy from one species from the consumption of individuals of another species
Predation
species that generally consumes more than one
prey individual to complete its development.
entomophagous
❑Over __ orders of insects contain predaceous members, in approximately ___ families. Including spiders and mites, there are probably in excess of ______ species of arthropod predators.
16
200
200,000
non-insect, spiders, and arthropods, this family represent the largest and most diverse group of predator
Araneae
❑Mites (Acari) have a number of predaceous members, most found in the family ________.
Phytoseiidae
Entomo and Phagy
Insect Feeding
A highly specialized prey range, the predator may feed on one or a very limited number of species within the same genera.
Monophagy
A semi-restricted prey range of a predator.
Oligophagy
searches bean plants without using cues, but do not search areas repeatedly once a prey was found.
Random searching
Waiting for prey to approach within a striking distance then with their raptorial legs (praying mantids) they clasp their preys.
Ambushing
A broad prey range, may include plant materials (fluids, nectars, pollen), insects and fungi, a generalist predator.
Polyphagy
Supposing a certain capacity of orientation to objects in the microhabitat. Movement may be guided by features of the environment that increase chances for encountering prey.
Directed searching
Use of visual cues and other stimuli to orient to prey at a distance.
Active searching
Neuropterans prepare conical pits in loose sand, larvae wait at the bottom with large sickle shaped jaws
Trapping
Lightning bugs, flashing of one species to attract males of another. Female then consume males
Attracting
is the largest order in the class Insecta.
Coloeptera
are recognized by pincers at the tip of the abdomen. These structures are used to hold prey while it is being consumed.
Dermaptera
is a large, cosmopolitan order of insects, comprising some 67,500 known species in three suborders:
Hemiptera
is one of the larger orders of insects, comprising sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants.
Hymenoptera
Insect order includes the lacewings, mantidflies, antlions, and their relatives. The order contains some 4000 species.
Neuroptera
order includes the grasshoppers, crickets and locusts.
Orthoptera
have elongate bodies that are specialized for a predatory lifestyle: long front legs with spines for catching and holding prey, a head that can turn from side to side,
Mantids
The most important predaceous family of Mantodea
Mantidae
Mites that are
❑The most introduced NE
❑ Used commercially worldwide
❑ 1st used on cucumber by Koppert 1960’s
Phytoseiulus persimilis
