Chapter 2 Part 3

Question 1

These are insects whose immature stages (larvae specifically) develop by feeding on or in the bodies of their host arthropods, which are usually other insects.

Answer 1

Parasitoids

Question 2

An organism that live in or on another animal (host), exploiting and killing it

Answer 2

Parasite

Question 3

are the organism being attacked and used as a food source by the parasite

Answer 3

Host

Question 4

Parasite the host with its mouthparts inserted into the host’s body.

Answer 4

Ectoparasite

Question 5

also called as Internal Parasite. This parasite larva develops inside the host’s body.

Answer 5

Endoparasite

Question 6

Parasite adult attacks the host egg,and the parasite progeny emerge still on the egg stage of the host.

Answer 6

Egg parasite

Question 7

Parasite adult attacks the host egg, but the parasite progeny emerge on the larval stage of the host.

Answer 7

Egg-larval parasite

Question 8

Attack the egg, but delay development and kill the host before pupation, and adult parasitoid emerge from the pupa

Answer 8

Egg-pupal parasite

Question 9

Parasite adult attacks the host larva, and the parasite progeny emerge on the larval stage of the host.

Answer 9

Larval parasite

Question 10

Parasite adult attacks the host larva, but the parasite progeny
emerge on the pupal stage of the host

Answer 10

Larval-pupal parasite

Question 11

Ø Deposit it’s egg in or on the host larva
Ø Parasitoid larva completes development and kills host adult

Answer 11

Larval-Adult parasite

Question 12

Ø Parasite adult attacks the host pupa, and the parasite progeny emerge on the pupal stage of the host.

Answer 12

Pupal parasite

Question 13

The number of parasite species that usually attack a host species.

Answer 13

Parasite species load

Question 14

The number of host species that are usually attacked and utilized successfully by a parasite species.

Answer 14

Hosts range

Question 15

Multiple parasite eggs are deposited, multiple parasite offspring will emerge.

Answer 15

Gregarious parasite

Question 16

Only one parasite egg is deposited per oviposition event and generally only one progeny emerges from the host.

Answer 16

Solitary parasite

Question 17

In a single egg of the host, many (up to several thousand) parasites will emerge, having arisen from asexual division.

Answer 17

Polyembryonic parasite

Question 18

The host is parasitized by multiple species of parasitoid

Answer 18

Multiparasitism

Question 19

The host is attacked by multiple times by an individual parasitoid of a single species

Answer 19

Superparasitism

Question 20

A parasite that attacks and develops in or on a host

Answer 20

Primary parasite

Question 21

A parasite that requires a host that has been parasitized already

Answer 21

Cleptoparasite

Question 22

Can develop either as a hyperparasite in a host already parasitized by a primary parasite, or it can develop as a primary parasite in an un-parasitized host.

Answer 22

Facultative hyperparasite

Question 23

(also known as Autoparasite or Adelphoparasite) where female layed on its own Hemiptera hosts, an the male eggs are on the juveniles of its own species. The developing males are hyperparasite that eventually kill the juvenile female parasitoid.

Answer 23

Heteronomous parasite

Question 24

Parasite prevents continued growth by the host. Hosts are often paralysed. Often egg, pupal, and adult parasites.

Answer 24

Idiobiont parasite

Question 25

Parasite allows continued growth and development of the host. Host not paralyzed.

Answer 25

Koinobiont parasite

Question 26

The hyperparasite can only develop as a parasite of a primary parasite.

Answer 26

Obligate hyperparasite

Question 27

The parasite attacks a host which is also a parasite.

Answer 27

Secondary parasite

Question 28

Used in BC of whitefly since 1972. Skilled in finding whitefly patches

Answer 28

Encarsia formosa

Question 29

Used in BC of whitefly since 1994

Answer 29

Eritmocerus eremicus

Question 30

Parasitoid of aphids

Answer 30

Aphelinus abdominalis

Question 31

Egg parasitoid of moth

Answer 31

Trichogramma brassicae

Question 32

is the first of the processes of parasitoid-host interaction that affect utilization.

Answer 32

Habitat selection

Question 33

In this process, the parasite is responding to cues that indicate the presence of a host, but only after the parasite is in the appropriate habitat.

Answer 33

Host location

Question 34

is the yes-or-no decision made by the parasite once it has found a host.

Answer 34

Host acceptance

Question 35

Once hosts are found and accepted, they still must be physiologically and nutritionally suitable for the parasite progeny to develop successfully.

Answer 35

Host suitability

Question 36

This process overlaps with host location especially host defences such as the immune response.

Answer 36

Host regulation