Chapter 2.2

Question 1

What is the lock and key theory

Answer 1

• enzyme’s active site is already in the appropriate conformation for the substrate to bind to
• > substrate can easily fit into the active site
• > NO alteration to the tertiary or quaternary structure

Question 2

What is the Induced fit model

Answer 2

• starts off with an enzyme and substrate that does not fit the active site
• once substrate is present
• > it interacts with the active site
• > molecule finds an induced form
• > shape becomes truly complementary after the enzyme interacts with the substrate

Question 3

What are enzymes with or without cofactors

Answer 3

with
->haloenzymes

without
->apoenzymes

Question 4

What are cofactors or coenzymes?

Answer 4

• nonprotein molecules
• > relatively small in size
• > so they can bind to the active site of the enzyme
• > participate in the catalysis of the reaction

Question 5

What are prosthetic groups? Do they have a purpose?

Answer 5

• prosthetic groups are tightly bound cofactors/coenzymes

- >they are necessary for the enzyme function

Question 6

Are cofactors inorganic molecules or metal ions

Answer 6

-yes

Question 7

What are the characteristics of coenzymes

Answer 7

• are small organic groups

- >the vast majority of them come from vitamins or are derivatives of vitamins such as NAD+, FAD and coenzyme A