chapter 28

Question 1

2 functions of the reproductive system

Answer 1

1. ensures the continued existence of the human species

2. produces, stores, nourishes and transports male and female reproductive cells

Question 2

4 basic components

Answer 2

1. gonads
2. ducts that transport gametes
3. accessory glands and organs
4. external genitalia

Question 3

gonads

• definition
• 2 functions

Answer 3

• reproductive organs
• 1. produce reproductive cells (gametes)
     
     2. produce hormones

Question 4

ejaculatory duct

Answer 4

connection between ductus deferens and seminal vesicles

Question 5

ductus deferens

Answer 5

transports sperm

Question 6

penis

Answer 6

conducts urine and semen to outside

Question 7

urethra (male)

Answer 7

passageway used by urinary and reproductive system

Question 8

testes

Answer 8

male gonads

Question 9

scrotum

• contains
• location
• function
• types of muscles

Answer 9

• testes
• outside of body
• important for sperm production because develop at a lower body temp
• dartos and cremaster

Question 10

dartos and cremaster

• contraction
• relaxation

Answer 10

• pull testes closer to body

- moves them away from body

Question 11

epididymis

• definiton
• 2 functions

Answer 11

• start of male reproductive tract
• 1. stores and protects sperm
     
     2. facilitates their maturation

Question 12

3 accessory glands of the male reproductive system

Answer 12

1. seminal vesicles
2. prostate gland
3. bulbo-urethral glands

Question 13

seminal vesicles

• contributes what
• contains what
• alkaline or acidic

Answer 13

• 60% to vol of semen
• high concentration of fructose, prostateglandins and fibrinogin
• slighly alkaline

Question 14

prostate gland

• contains
• alkaline or acidic secretion
• function

Answer 14

• prostatic fluid
• alkaline
• produce seminal plasmin (antibiotic)

Question 15

prostatic fluid

Answer 15

20-30% of vol of semen

Question 16

bulbo-urethral glands

-function

Answer 16

-secretes thick alkaline mucus

Question 17

what does the secretion of the mucus cause

Answer 17

neutralizes urinary acids in urethra and lubricates tip of penis

Question 18

3 regions of urethra in the penis

Answer 18

1. prostate urethra
2. membranous urethra
3. spongy urethra

Question 19

Location of :

• prostate urethra
• membranous urethra
• spongy urethra

Answer 19

• through prostate gland
• through urogenital diaphragm
• though penis

Question 20

4 parts to penis

Answer 20

1. root
2. body
3. neck
4. glans

Question 21

root of penis

Answer 21

attaches the penis to the body wall

Question 22

body of penis

Answer 22

tubular wall and moveable

Question 23

glans of penis

Answer 23

expanded end

Question 24

what is removed during the circumcision

Answer 24

prepuce: fold of skin surrounding tip of penis

Question 25

erectile tissue - definition - 3 columns

Answer 25

- maze of vascular channels - 1. corpus cavernosa (2 columns) 2. corpus spongiosum

Question 26

erectile tissue - resting state - parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 26

- arterial branches are closed and blood flow is restricted | - dilates arterial branches and tissues become engorged with blood = erection

Question 27

testis - develop where - descend into - septa

Answer 27

- in the abdomen - the scrotum before birth - divides testis into lobules

Question 28

sperm production - aka - begins where - order of sperm production (6)

Answer 28

- spermatogenesis - in the seminiferous tubules - 1. spermatgonia 2. primary spermatocytes 3. secondary spermatocytes 4. spermatids 5. spermatids completing spermiogenesis 6. mature spermatozoa

Question 29

spermatogonium

Answer 29

stem cells that divide by mitosis

Question 30

primary spermatocytes

Answer 30

ndergo division by meiosis I

Question 31

secondary spermatocytes

Answer 31

undergo division by meiosis II

Question 32

spermatids

Answer 32

undergo spermiogenesis (physical maturation)

Question 33

mature spermatozoa

Answer 33

travel through seminiferous tubules to rete testes then to epididymis

Question 34

sperm production | 3 steps

Answer 34

1. mitosis 2. meiosis 3. spermiogenesis

Question 35

Spermproduction: mitosis

Answer 35

spermatogonium undergo cell division to produce 2 daugter cells