Chapter 28: Protists

Question 1

Protists

Answer 1

• Very diverse (unusual)
• Common characteristics
  
  • Eukaryotic cell
    
    • Unicellular and multicellular, colonial
    • Autotroph and heterotrophs
    • Sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 2

No longer a kingdom

Answer 2

Informally 3 groups:

• Animal Like
• Plant Like
• Fungi Like

Question 3

Protozoa

Answer 3

• Are animal like protists
• Heterotrophs
• All unicellular
• Can be classified based on movement
  
  • Flagella
  • Pseudopods
  • Cilia

Question 4

Protozoa w/ flagella

Answer 4

• Include a group called zooflagellates
  
  • Have one or more flagella
  • Well known symbionts and pathogens

Question 5

Protozoa w/ Pseudopodia

Answer 5

• Move and feed by pseudopodia
• Notable groups
  
  • Amoebas
  • Foraminifera

Question 6

Amoebas (Protozoa w/ pseudopods)

Answer 6

• Ingestion through phagocytosis
• Found in fresh and salt water, soil
• Most are microscopic

Question 7

Foraminifera (Protozoa with Pseudopods)

Answer 7

• Often called forams
• Have shells
• Found in marine environments

Question 8

Protozoa w/ Cilia

Answer 8

• Move and feed by cilia
• Known as the ciliates
• Most found in freshwater

Question 9

​Algae

Answer 9

• Are plant like protists
• Are photosynthetic
• Form base of aquatic food chains
• Often grouped by chlorophyll type

Question 10

Euglenoids

Answer 10

• Include animal/plant like members
• Also have a flagella
• Pellicle- allow shape change
• Use chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

Question 11

Dinoflagellates

Answer 11

• Found in aquatic, marine environments
• Have 2 flagella
• Some are bioluminescent
• Others can produce toxins, cause red tide

Question 12

Diatoms

Answer 12

• Many species are phytoplankton
• Have glasslike shells, made of silica
• Produce half the oxygen we breath

Question 13

Green Algae

Answer 13

• Multicellular
• Precursor to plants
• Common features
  
  • Chlorophyll a, b
  • Carotenoids
  • Cell Wall: Cellulose

Question 14

Brown Algae

Answer 14

• Multicellular
• Group includes giant kelp
• Contain chlorophyll c

Question 15

Red Algae

Answer 15

• Multicellular
• Contain the pigment phycoerythrin
• Can be found in deep depths

Question 16

​SLIME MOLDS

Answer 16

• Are fungus and animal like
• Important ecosystem decomposers
• Produce fruiting bodies, aid in dispersal
• Two Groups:
  
  • Plasmodial
  • Cellular

Question 17

Plasmodial

Answer 17

• Often brightly colored, yellow/orange
• Generally lives as a single “super” cell, many nuclei
• Forms mass of cytoplasm called plasmodium
• Common under logs and dead leaves

Question 18

Cellular Slime Molds

Answer 18

• Commonly found in soils
• Exist as a single amoeba like cells
• Under stress, they can swarm
  
  • Form slug like mass of individual cells
  • Aggregate mass form a fruiting body