LAB: Craniates Part 2

Question 1

Craniates Part 2

Answer 1

• vertebrates that have limbs with digits
• arose from lobe-finned fish
• endoskeleton of bone
  
  • 1. Axial - skull and vertebrate column
  • 2. Appendicular - girdles

Question 2

Amphibians

Answer 2

• transitional b/w water and higher land groups
• Dual life cycle - water/land
• Anamniotic eggs - lack shell
• Undergo metamorphosis
• ​Ectothermic

Question 3

​Frogs

Answer 3

lacks tails, vocalize

Question 4

​Toads

Answer 4

• Warty skin (glands)
• parotoid gland ​produce defense chemicals

Question 5

Salamanders and Newts

Answer 5

• Have elongated tails

Question 6

Amniotes

Answer 6

• Embryos has extra embryonic membranes
• Has shell
• 2 groups
  
  • 1. Reptiles
  • 2. Mammals

Question 7

Reptiles

Answer 7

• Skin covered by scales/feathers
• Digits with claws
• Most have 3 chambered heart
• Ectotherms

Question 8

​Crocodilians

Answer 8

• Temperature of nest determines sex

Question 9

Turtles

Answer 9

• Have 2 part shell:
  
  • Carapace
  • Plastron

Question 10

​Squamates

Answer 10

• includes lizards and snakes
• Snakes
  
  • ​​kill by constriction, suffocation, venom
  • evolved from lizards

Question 11

Birds

Answer 11

• are now classified as reptiles
• evolved from theropod dinosaurs
  
  • ​​Archaeopteryx

Question 12

Mammals

Answer 12

• Endothermic
• Hair
• Mammary glands, milk
• 4 Chambered hearts
• Most live birth with ​placenta

Question 13

Frog ANATOMY

Answer 13