Chapter 3: Cell Structure And Function

Question 1

How many chromosomes do typical prokaryotic cells have?

Answer 1

One circular chromosome

Question 2

Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Do prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What is the cell wall of prokaryotic cells composed of?

Answer 4

Peptidoglycan

Question 5

What is considered a prokaryote?

Answer 5

Bacteria

Question 6

Do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

Do eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

When present, what is the cell wall of a eukaryotic cell composed of?

Answer 8

Polysaccharide

Question 9

What organisms are eukaryotic?

Answer 9

All plant/plant-like organisms and animal/animal-like organisms

Question 10

Define Morphology

Answer 10

Shape of prokaryotic cells

Question 11

What shape is coccus?

Answer 11

Spherical/rod

Question 12

What shape is bacillus?

Answer 12

Rodlike

Question 13

What shape is cocobacilli?

Answer 13

Short, stumpy rods; oval shaped

Question 14

Shape of spirillum?

Answer 14

Wave shaped (snake)

Question 15

Shape of spirochete?

Answer 15

Corkscrew

Question 16

Shape of Vibrio?

Answer 16

Comma shaped (curved or bent)

Question 17

Define the arrangement of strepto-?

Answer 17

Chains

Question 18

Define the arrangement of staphylo-?

Answer 18

Clusters

Question 19

Define the arrangement of diplo-?

Answer 19

Produce pairs

Question 20

Define arrangement of tetrad-?

Answer 20

Four cells in a cube

Question 21

Where is the cell wall of a prokaryote located?

Answer 21

Outside cell membrane

Question 22

What are the component of a prokaryotic cell wall?

Answer 22

1. Peptidoglycan
2. Periplasmic space
3. Outer envelope with endotoxins

Question 23

What are the functions associated with the prokaryotic plasma membrane?

Answer 23

1. Boundary
2. Selective permeability
3. Respiration
4. Photosynthesis
5. Regulates cell division and conjugation
6. Synthesis of cell wall

Question 24

What is passive transport process?

Answer 24

A process of movement from high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy

Question 25

What is osmosis?

Answer 25

Movement of water

Question 26

What is diffusion?

Answer 26

Movement using proteins

Question 27

What is active transport?

Answer 27

A process that requires energy to move things from low concentration to high

Question 28

What is group translocation?

Answer 28

Using gated channels to Bri mg substances into the cell and at the same time modified the substance so that it cannot leave the cell

Question 29

Hypertonic =

Answer 29

Plasmolysis

Question 30

Hypotonic =

Answer 30

Distension

Question 31

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 31

Contains mostly water and dissolved substances

Question 32

What is the function of nucleoid?

Answer 32

Contain DNA

Question 33

What is the functions of ribosomes?

Answer 33

Site for protein synthesis

Question 34

Function of plasmid

Answer 34

Contain dna not in nucleoid

Question 35

What type of bacteria can produce endospores?

Answer 35

Bacillus and clostridium

Question 36

What is the function of a capsule?

Answer 36

Protects organism and prevent digestion

Question 37

What is the function of conjugation pious?

Answer 37

Attaches cells together for DNA transfer

Question 38

What is the function of fimbriae?

Answer 38

Attach bacterial cell to a cellular surface

Question 39

What is the function of flagella

Answer 39

Movement

Question 40

What does monotrichous mean?

Answer 40

One tail at one end

Question 41

What does amphitrichous mean?

Answer 41

One tail at both ends

Question 42

What does lophotrichous mean?

Answer 42

Two or more tails at one or both ends

Question 43

What does peritrichous mean?

Answer 43

Cover perimeter

Question 44

What is conjugation?

Answer 44

Sharing information

Question 45

What is binary fission?

Answer 45

Creating new cell

Question 46

What are axial filaments?

Answer 46

Attachments near the end of the body to allow for cork-screw type rotation

Question 47

What specific organism causes syphilis?

Answer 47

T. pallidum

Question 48

What is the function of flagella?

Answer 48

Movement

Question 49

What is the function of cilia?

Answer 49

Cover the entire cell

Question 50

What is the function of pseudopodia?

Answer 50

False feet, surround cell to capture substances

Question 51

What is the function of cell wall

Answer 51

Protect from bursting

Question 52

What is a characteristic of mycoplasma?

Answer 52

Live without cell wall, plasma membrane contains sterol to help resist lysis

Question 53

What is a characteristic of mycobacteria?

Answer 53

Waxy cell wall

Question 54

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

Answer 54

Explains the presence of ribosomes and dna within mitochondria and chloroplast