Chapter 3- Cells

Question 1

What is the supporting framework of the cell?

Answer 1

Cytoskeleton

Question 2

What is known as the cell’s garbage disposals?

Answer 2

Lysosomes

Question 3

What is the center of the cell?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What double-layered membrane surrounds the nucleus?

Answer 4

Nuclear envelope

Question 5

Which structure plays a role in cell division?

Answer 5

Centrioles

Question 6

What are the “powerhouses” of the cell?

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

Which organelle processes proteins and packages them for export?

Answer 7

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

What threadlike structures are composed of DNA and protein?

Answer 8

Chromatin

Question 9

What regulates passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus?

Answer 9

Nuclear pores

Question 10

Large particles trapped in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell = ?

Answer 10

Phagocytosis

Question 11

Water diffuses across a membrane from low → high solute concentration = ?

Answer 11

Osmosis

Question 12

Substances pumped from low → high concentration with energy = ?

Answer 12

Active transport pump

Question 13

Particles move from high → low concentration = ?

Answer 13

Diffusion

Question 14

Water/solutes move by hydrostatic pressure = ?

Answer 14

Filtration

Question 15

Cell products exit when vesicle fuses with plasma membrane = ?

Answer 15

Exocytosis

Question 16

Which substance forms the bulk of the plasma membrane?

Answer 16

Phospholipids

Question 17

What role do proteins play in the plasma membrane?

Answer 17

Serve as receptors for chemicals/hormones

Question 18

What important task occurs in the nucleolus?

Answer 18

Manufacture of ribosomes

Question 19

Network of canals that move proteins to the Golgi apparatus = ?

Answer 19

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 20

Which cellular structure sweeps particles along a path?

Answer 20

Cilia

Question 21

Where are microvilli located in the body?

Answer 21

Digestive tract

Question 22

Water pressure from osmosis is called?

Answer 22

Osmotic pressure

Question 23

Which IV solution type is most common for patients?

Answer 23

Isotonic

Question 24

What force drives filtration in capillaries?

Answer 24

Blood pressure inside capillaries

Question 25

Which process uses the sodium-potassium pump?

Answer 25

Creation of electrical potential for nerve conduction

Question 26

Sodium-potassium pump action?

Answer 26

Moves sodium out, potassium in

Question 27

Facilitated diffusion depends on which structure?

Answer 27

Protein molecule in the membrane

Question 28

Nucleotides consist of which building blocks?

Answer 28

Nitrogenous bases

Question 29

What determines genetic code?

Answer 29

Sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA

Question 30

RNA differs from DNA because RNA is…

Answer 30

A single strand

Question 31

Chromosomes form during which mitosis phase?

Answer 31

Prophase

Question 32

Chromosomes divide during which mitosis phase?

Answer 32

Anaphase

Question 33

What process makes a copy of DNA into RNA?

Answer 33

Transcription

Question 34

What process splits one cell into two identical daughter cells?

Answer 34

Mitosis

Question 35

A cell’s shape is determined by its __________.

Answer 35

Function

Question 36

The gel-like substance surrounding the nucleus is __________.

Answer 36

Cytoplasm

Question 37

The cell’s control center is the __________.

Answer 37

Nucleus

Question 38

Protein-producing structures are called __________.

Answer 38

Ribosomes

Question 39

Difference in concentration across a membrane is called __________.

Answer 39

Concentration gradient

Question 40

Filtration occurs due to differences in __________.

Answer 40

Pressure

Question 41

The __________ molecule stores genetic information.

Answer 41

DNA

Question 42

DNA is built from millions of pairs of __________.

Answer 42

Nucleotides