Why is language important on communication?
Words shape how people see us and how we see others. They can connect us or cause misunderstandings.
What does it mean that language is ambiguous?
Words can have multiple meanings
ex: “swing by” can be confused with an actual swing
What does it mean that language is arbitrary?
Words are just symbols; society gives them meaning
What’s the difference between denotation and connotation?
Denotation = dictionary definition
Connotation = emotional/feeling tied to a word
What’s semantic meaning VS pragmatic meaning?
Semantic = literal meaning of words
Pragmatic = what you really mean in context (tone, situation)
What is a speech act?
When words imply action
ex: “can i use the restroom?” really means asking permission, not if you can
What is the cooperative principle?
We assume people cooperate in conversation. It follows 4 maxims:
What are idioms & why can they confuse people?
Phrases that don’t mean what the words literally say
(like “piece of cake”)
Hard for non native speakers to understand