Chapter 5

Question 1

Anxiety

Answer 1

A future oriented apprehension, tension or sense of dread

Question 2

fear

Answer 2

immediate emotional response to danger or perceived threat in the environment

Question 3

fight or flight

Answer 3

is controlled by the hypothalamus by activating the autonomic nervous system

Question 4

adrenal-cortical system

Answer 4

the hormonal system situated in the adrenal cortex that responds to stress to determine fight or flight

Question 5

panic attacks

Answer 5

short, intense periods of time during which anxiety causes immense discomfort and fear

Question 6

Panic Disorder

Answer 6

characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks

Question 7

anxiolytic

Answer 7

a medication or substance that reduces or alleviates symptoms of anxiety

Question 8

locus coeruleus

Answer 8

an area in the brain stem that plays a part in the emergency response and may be involved in panic attacks

Question 9

Anxiety sensitivity

Answer 9

acknowledged as a reliable personality trait that is enduring over time and associated with increased vulnerability for anxiety disorders

Question 10

interoceptive signals

Answer 10

sensitivity to stimuli arising from within the body

Question 11

interoceptive conditioning

Answer 11

process by which symptoms of anxiety that have preceded panic attacks become the signals for new panic attacks

Question 12

Conditioned avoidance response

Answer 12

by avoiding places that increase their anxiety their anxiety lessens. negative reinforcement

Question 13

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Answer 13

marked by the presence of abnormal worry over becoming separated from ones caregiver

Question 14

behavioral inhibition

Answer 14

characterized by a cautious and reserved approach to novel situations, people or environments paired with an increased autonomic response

Question 15

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Answer 15

worry about the possibility of a wide range of negative events will occur which creates pathological worry.

Question 16

emotion regulation

Answer 16

a balance between understanding and identifying one’s thoughts and feelings and manage the emotional impact of their behavior

Question 17

Social anxiety disorder

Answer 17

experiencing significant distress and anxiety in social situations for fear of being judged, rejected or humiliated.

Question 18

specific phobias

Answer 18

unreasonable/irrational fears of specific objects or situations

Question 19

types of phobias

Answer 19

animal, natural disaster, situational, blood-injection-injury

Question 20

agoraphobia

Answer 20

fear of situations where escape is difficult or where help might not be available

Question 21

exteroceptive conditioning

Answer 21

classical conditioning of external stimuli from the environment with emotional or psychological responses

Question 22

negative reinforcement

Answer 22

process in which people avoid being exposed to feared objects and their avoidance is reinforced by a reduction in their anxiety

Question 23

prepared classical conditioning

Answer 23

theory that evolution has prepared people to be easily conditioned to fear objects or situations that were dangerous in ancient times

Question 24

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 24

anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions (thoughts) and compulsions (rituals)

Question 24

Applied Tension Technique

Answer 24

technique used to treat blood-injection phobias which has the client holding tension in their muscles when faced with phobia

Question 25

obsessions

Answer 25

thoughts, images and ideas that are persistent, repetitive, intrusive and unwanted that cause anxiety or distress

Question 26

compulsions

Answer 26

repetitive behaviors or mental acts that individuals feel they must perform in an effort to reduce anxiety and distress

Question 27

hoarding

Answer 27

a compulsive disorder characterized by the inability to throw away unneeded possessions

Question 28

trichotillomania

Answer 28

an obsessive compulsive disorder classified by the pulling our of one's own hair

Question 29

excoriation

Answer 29

recurrent picking at one's own skin from any part of the body

Question 30

body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 30

excessive concern about physical appearance which results in stress and impairment of interpersonal situations

Question 31

exposure and response prevention

Answer 31

type of therapy in which individuals with anxiety symptoms are exposed repeatedly to the focus of their anxiety but prevented from avoiding it or engaging in compulsive responses

Question 32

PTSD

Answer 32

anxiety disorder characterized by 1) repeated mental images of experiencing traumatic event. 2) emotional numbing 3) hypervigilance

Question 33

Acute Stress Disorder

Answer 33

similar to PTSD but doesn't last longer than 4 weeks

Question 34

flashbacks

Answer 34

particularly disturbing uncontrollable, intense repeated episodes which forces individuals to relive their trauma

Question 35

adjustment disorder

Answer 35

symptoms arising 3mo after the stressor and does not meet criteria for PTSD

Question 36

reactive attachment disorder

Answer 36

occurs as a result of severe neglect, abuse, and maltreatment in early childhood. children may have difficulty forming emotions

Question 37

prolonged grief disorder

Answer 37

intense and persistent grief that causes problems and interferes with daily life

Question 38

cortisol

Answer 38

stress hormone released during fight or flight

Question 39

stress inoculation therapy

Answer 39

focuses on developing skills that allow the individual to cope with stress