What was the main cause of the Seven Years’ War?
Competition over the Ohio River Valley between Britain and France, with Native nations caught in the middle.
Who was sent by Virginia to challenge the French in 1754?
George Washington
What did George Washington’s defeat at Fort Necessity spark?
The conflict of the Seven Years’ War
What was the Albany Plan of Union?(year?)
A proposal for colonial unity for defense by Benjamin Franklin in 1754
What was the outcome of the Albany Plan of Union?
Rejected but important as a first step toward cooperation
During the early phase of the Seven Years’ War, which side dominated battles?
France and Native allies
What strategy did William Pitt implement during the Seven Years’ War?
Britain poured money, troops, and naval power into North America, treating colonies as partners
What were the major battles that fell to Britain in 1759 and 1760?
- Quebec (1759) * Montreal (1760)
What Britain obtain in the Treaty of Paris (1763)
Gained Canada and Florida
What did France lose as a result of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Almost all North American holdings
What did Spain receive from France in the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Louisiana (west of Mississippi)
What lesson did colonists learn from the Seven Years’ War?
They gained confidence in their military contributions and believed they could unite and act together
How did Britain view the colonists after the Seven Years’ War?
As undisciplined and costly
What was the impact of the Seven Years’ War on Britain’s debt?
The war doubled Britain’s debt
What did Britain expect from the colonists to address its debt?
Contribute through taxation
How many British soldiers were stationed in the colonies after the Seven Years’ War?
10,000
What was Pontiac’s Uprising (1763) about?
Natives attacked British forts and settlements, showing determination to resist British expansion
What did the Proclamation of 1763 prohibit?
Settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains
What was the intention behind the Proclamation of 1763?
To avoid further Native conflict
What was the Sugar Act (1764)?
Taxed imported molasses and sugar, targeted smugglers
What was the Stamp Act (1765)?
Direct tax on legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and playing cards
What was the colonial argument against the Stamp Act?
It was unconstitutional without representation
What did Britain argue regarding representation in Parliament?
That Parliament represented all British subjects
Who declared that only colonial assemblies could tax their people?
Patrick Henry
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Chapter 642
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Chapter 721
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Chapter 894
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Chapter 9 & 1049
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Age of Jackson32
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Civil War Part I35
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Civil War Part II47
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Reconstruction (final)100
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Gilded Age19
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progressive era77
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Imperialism Era34
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American Imperialism33
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Great War1
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roaring 20s22
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The Great Depression and The New Deal3
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Civil Rights66
