roaring 20s

Question 1

Henry Ford’s Model T / economic impact

Answer 1

Revolutionized transportation, affordable for average Americans.

-Growth in related -industries (steel, rubber, glass, oil).
-Construction of roads and highways.
-Boosted suburbanization and travel.

Question 2

Consumer goods & significance

Answer 2

-increased production(of household appliances (radios, refrigerators, washing machines))

-Advertising Boom: Companies used mass media (magazines, radio) to create consumer demand.

-Significance: Reflected rising disposable income and the growth of a consumer-oriented economy.

Question 3

Assembly Line & significance`

Answer 3

Perfected by Henry Ford for mass production of automobiles

-Drastically lowered production costs.
-Allowed for large-scale production and affordable goods
-Became the standard for manufacturing across many industries

Question 4

“Return to Normalcy” & significance

Answer 4

-Campaign slogan of President Warren G. Harding

-Reflected desire for a return to peacetime stability and an end to Progressive-era reforms and WWI upheaval

:marked the shift to a more conservative, pro-business , and isolationist approach

Question 5

Republican Laissez-Faire Policies & significance

Answer 5

-Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover: administration believed minimal government interference would foster economic growth.

-High Tariffs: (Fordney-McCumber Tariff) : protected domestic industries

-Low Taxes and Deregulation: encouraged business expansion

-Significance: contributed to rapid economic growth but also to speculation that would lead to the stock market crash

Question 6

Stock Market Investment & significance

Answer 6

-Many Americans invested in the booming stock market, often buying on margin (borrowed money)

-Speculation: rapid buying and selling of stocks to make a quick profit

-Significance: Helped fuel the economic bubble that burst in 1929

Question 7

Prohibition

Answer 7

18th amendment 1919: prohibited the manufacture, sale and transportation of alcoholic beverages

Impact on society and crime:

-Rise in organized crime and bootlegging operations
-Speakeasies; illegal bars where alcohol was sold.
-Many Americans disregarded the law, undermining its effectiveness

Question 8

When was prohibition appealed?

Answer 8

21 amendment 1933

Question 9

Women’s suffrage

Answer 9

19th amendment 1920- Granted women the right to vote

IMPACT ON WOMEN:
-greater political participation(voting, running for office)
-Continued push for social and economic quality

Flappers: young women who challenged traditional norms with short hair, skirts and social independence

Question 10

Scopes “Monkey” Trial 1925 & significance

Answer 10

Tennessee passed a law banning the teaching of evolution in public schools
-John T. Scoped: a high school teacher charged for teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution

Modernism vs. Traditionalism : Clash between new scientific perspectives and religious fundamentalism

-Significance: symbolized the tension between science and religion, and the cultural divide in the 20s

Question 11

Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryan

Answer 11

-Darrow (defense) advocation for academic freedom and evolution

-Bryan (prosecution) upheld traditional religious views

Question 12

Great Migration (reasons and impact)

Answer 12

-Reasons: African Americans moved from the rural south to norther urban centers seeking better job opportunities and escaping Jim Crow laws

-Impact on culture: Growth in African American neighborhoods(Harlem,NY)
Influenced music art, and literature in northern cities

Question 13

Harlem Renaissance & significance

Answer 13

Culture, Social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem NY

-Pride in African American Culture: Writers, poets, musicians celebrated black heritage

-Significance: Shaped African American identity and American culture at large, fostering racial pride and artistic innovation.

Question 13

Langston Hughes

Answer 13

Famous poet and key figure, capturing African American life and struggles

Question 14

Jazz Age & significance

Answer 14

-Jazz music, with roots in African American communities, gained national popularity

-Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and others revolutionized music and entertainment

-Significance: Reflected a spirit of modernity, youth and cultural dynamism in the 20s

Question 15

Tine Pan Alley (influence & significance)

Answer 15

A district in NY known for music publishers and songwriters

-Influence: Standardized pop music, led to widespread production of sheet music and popular songs

-Significance: Contributed to the growing entertainment industry and national music culture

Question 16

Red Scare & significance

Answer 16

Fear of communism spreading to the United States after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia

Significance-Showed rising xenophobia, suspicion of radical politics, and federal willingness to limit civil liberties.

Question 17

Palmer Raids 1919-1920

Answer 17

Led by Attorney Genera A. Mitchell Palmer to arrest and depart suspected radicals

Question 18

Sacco and Vanzetti Case 1920-1927

Answer 18

Italian anarchists convicted of robbery and murder amid widespread belief their trial was biased to their political views and immigrant status

Question 19

Immigrant Quotas Act

Answer 19

Restricted immigration from certain regions (emergency quota act of 1921 and immigration act of 1924) due to nativist and anti-foreign sentiment

Question 20

Teapot Dome Scandal & def. and sig.

Answer 20

Definition: A bribery scandal during the Harding administration 1921-1923

Key Figure: Secretary of the interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome (Wyoming ) and other locations to private oil companies in return for personal gifts and loans

-Significance: exposed corruption at the highest levels of government
weakened public trust in the Harding administration and further discredited the idea of unregulated business-government relations