2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Examples
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Glyburide (Glynase)
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Action
Works to increase output of insulin by beta cells in pancreas
2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Nursing Implications
Metformin Classification
Biguanide
Insulin Nursing Implications
- When mixing, draw rapid acting first (clear before cloudy)
Very Rapid Acting Insulin (examples & nursing implication)
Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novalog)
-Clear solution
-Give 15 before meal
Very rapid acting insulin onset, peak, duration
Short (rapid) acting insulin (example & nursing imp)
Regular (R) insulin
Short (rapid) acting insulin onset, peak, duration
Intermediate acting insulin (examples and nursing imp)
NPH insulin
Lente
-Cloudy solution
-Rotate prior to use
Glargine (Lantus)
Detemir (Levemir)
Metformin (Glucophage) Action
- Increase peripheral insulin sensitivity
Metformin (Glucophage) Nursing Imp.
Anytime Plasma Glucose Level
- Normal: < 200 mg/dL
Anytime Plasma Glucose Level (interpretation)
Anytime Plasma Glucose Level (nursing imp)
Fasting plasma glucose level
- Normal: 70-100 mg/dL
Fasting Plasma Glucose Level (interpretation)
100-126 mg/dL indicates prediabetes
> 126 mg/dL indicates diabetes
Oral glucose test
-Screen for diabetes
-Normal: < 200 mg/dL
> 200 mg/dL indicates diabetes
Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Liver Function Tests
Hepatitis A antibody, Hepatitis B antigen & antibody, Hepatitis C antibody, Hepatitis D antibody
- Positive results indicates hepatitis infection
Thyroid antibodies lab (indications & interpretation)
- Increased in chronic thyroiditis, Grave’s disease, pernicious anemia, RA