Hepatitis (definition)
Inflammation of liver cells
Hepatitis (causes)
-Viral or toxic agent (viral most common)
Or
-Secondary infection in conjunction with another virus
Cirrhosis (definition)
Permanent scarring of the liver usually caused by chronic inflammation
Hepatitis A (route of transmission)
Fecal-oral route
Hepatitis A (risk factors)
- Ingestion of contaminated food or water
- Close contact with an infected individual
Hepatitis B (route of transmission)
Blood
Hep B (risk factors)
- Unprotected sex with infected individual
- Infants born to infected mothers
- Contact with infected blood
- Injection drug users
Hep C (route of transmission)
Blood
Hep C (risk factors)
- Drug abuse
- Sexual contact
Hep D (transmission)
Coinfection with HBV
Hep D (risk factors)
- Injection drug users
- Unprotected sex with infected individual
Hep E (transmission)
Fecal-oral route
Hep E (risk factors)
Ingestion of contaminated food or water
Diet for Hepatitis Pts
- High-carbohydrate
- High-calorie
- Low to moderate fat
- Low to moderate protein
- Small, frequent meals
Hepatitis complications
- Chronic hepatitis (results from hep B, C, D)
- Fulminating hepatitis (progressive form of viral hepatits)
- Cirrhosis
- Liver cancer
- Liver failure
Hepatitis (subjective data)
Influenza-like symptoms: Fatigue, decreased appetite with nausea, abdominal pain, joint pain
Hepatitis (objective data)
-Fever, vomiting, dark-colored urine, clay-colored stool, jaundice
Hepatitis prevention
- Vaccination
- Isolation precautions
- Safe injection practices
- PPE
- Hand hygiene
- Drink purified water and avoid sharing eating utensils and bed linens when traveling to underdeveloped countries
Which key diagnosis test will determine exactly what type of hepatitis is present?
Albumin
