Hyperthyroidism

Question 1

Hyperthyroidism (definition)

Answer 1

Excessive circulating thyroid hormone

Question 2

What hormones does the thyroid gland produce?

Answer 2

Thyroixine (T4), thiiodothyronine (T3), and thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin)

Question 3

Negative feedback mechanism

Answer 3

When T3 and T4 levels decrease, TSH is released by the anterior pituitary

Question 4

Hyperthyroidism (risk factors)

Answer 4

• Grave’s disease (most common)
• Toxic nodular goiter
• Exogenous hyperthyroidism: caused by excessive dosages of thyroid hormone

Question 5

Hyperthyroidism clinical manifestations

Answer 5

• Nervousness, irritability, hyperactivity
• Heat intolerance
• Weight loss and increased appetite
• Insomnia and interrupted sleep
• Diarrhea
• Menstrual irregularities (amenorrhea)
• Initial increase in libido, then decrease
• Smooth, moist skin
• Tremor
• Exophthalmos (Grave’s disease)
• Hair loss

Question 6

Lab tests

Answer 6

• Decreased TSH

- Elevated T3

Question 7

Diet for Hyperthyroidism

Answer 7

-Increased calories, protein

Question 8

Pt education (for diet)

Answer 8

• Noniodized salt

- Avoid fish, shellfish, and meds containing iodine

Question 9

Treatment for hyperthyroidism

Answer 9

• Thyroidectomy (total or subtotal)

- Radioative iodine therapy

Question 10

Thyroid Storm

Answer 10

• Medical emergency
• Precipitating factors: infection, trauma, emotional stress, diabetic ketoacidosis, surgery (increases demands on body metabolism)
• S/S: hyperthermia, HTN, delirium, vomiting, abdominal pain, hyperglycemia, tachdysrhythmias, chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations

Question 11

Thyroiditis

Answer 11

• Inflammation of the thyroid gland

- Results from a viral infection of the thyroid

Question 12

S/S of Grave’s Disease

Answer 12

• Goiter
• Pretibial myxedema
• Manifestations of hyperthyroidism

Question 13

Pharmacotherapy/Treatment for Hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

• Antithyroid agents (methimazol)
• Beta-blocker (propanolol) to block SNS effects
• Acetaminophen for hyperthermia
• Administer O2 for increased oxygen demands

Question 14

Diagnoses for Hyperthyroidism

Answer 14

• Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output
• Disturbed Sensory Perceptin (Visual)
• Imbalanced Nutrition (Less Than Body Requirements)
• Disturbed Body Image