What is the first consideration before removing an athlete from the field?
Safety — do not move them until life-threatening injuries are ruled out.
When can an athlete be removed unassisted?
If injury is minor and they can walk off safely.
What is “assisted” removal?
Athlete needs help walking or weight-bearing but can partially support themselves.
When should a stretcher or spine board be used?
For severe injuries, suspected fractures, spinal injuries, or when athlete cannot safely walk.
Why stabilize above and below the injury during transport?
To prevent further tissue damage.
What must you check before and after splinting?
Distal pulse and capillary refill.
What should you do if an extremity fracture is badly angulated?
Splint in position found, or provide slight traction if trained.
What is a sports chair/gator chair used for?
Transporting non-ambulatory athletes off the field without stretcher.
What is “guarded” or “supported” removal?
Athlete leans on staff to leave field with limited weight bearing.
What is the #1 rule in emergency management?
Do no harm.
When should EMS be activated immediately?
Life- or limb-threatening injuries, unconsciousness, spinal injury, uncontrolled bleeding.
What should be monitored continuously during emergencies?
ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation).
What should you always prepare for in trauma cases?
Shock.
Signs of shock?
Pale/clammy skin, weak rapid pulse, shallow breathing, confusion, low BP.
Treatment of shock?
Lay athlete down, elevate legs if safe, keep warm, monitor vitals, activate EMS.
Why is it important to observe body language and movement as you approach an athlete?
Clues about severity of injury (movement, guarding, consciousness).
What does “do no harm” mean in sports medicine?
Always prioritize athlete safety and avoid worsening the injury.
If unsure of injury severity, what should you do?
Hold the athlete out until evaluated further.
Why err on the side of caution?
Early return increases risk of reinjury and long-term complications.
Who has final authority if multiple medical staff are present?
The most qualified provider (physician, ATC, nurse, etc.).
Why is communication important in injury removal?
Keeps athlete calm and informs staff of care plan.
Why is universal precautions important during injury management?
Prevents spread of bloodborne pathogens (gloves, barrier use).
Why splint before moving an athlete with fracture/dislocation?
Prevents further bone/soft tissue damage.
After removal, what is done on the sideline?
Secondary survey, more detailed evaluation.
