Circulatory System

Question 1

What does the circulatory system consist of?

Answer 1

• Heart (cardiac)
• Blood vessels (vascular)

The circulatory system is also known as the cardiovascular system.

Question 2

In mammals, what type of circulatory system is present?

Answer 2

Double circulatory system

Blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs and then to the rest of the body.

Question 3

What is the role of the right ventricle in the circulatory system?

Answer 3

Pumps blood to the lungs

This is part of the pulmonary circulatory system.

Question 4

What is the role of the left ventricle in the circulatory system?

Answer 4

Pumps blood to the rest of the body

This is part of the systemic circulatory system.

Question 5

Name the vessels entering and leaving the heart.

Answer 5

• Pulmonary artery
• Pulmonary vein
• Aorta
• Vena cava

These vessels are crucial for the circulation of blood.

Question 6

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 6

Supply oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle

The coronary arteries branch off from the aorta.

Question 7

What does the hepatic portal vein connect?

Answer 7

Liver and digestive organs

It carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver.

Question 8

What are the names of the vessels associated with the liver?

Answer 8

• Hepatic artery
• Hepatic vein
• Hepatic portal vein

These vessels are essential for liver function and blood supply.

Question 9

What are the names of the vessels associated with the kidneys?

Answer 9

• Renal artery
• Renal vein

These vessels are crucial for kidney function and blood filtration.

Question 10

What are the two sides of the heart called?

Answer 10

• Right side
• Left side

Each side has an atrium and a ventricle.

Question 11

What is the function of the atria in the heart?

Answer 11

Receive low pressure blood returning to the heart

Atria have thin muscular walls.

Question 12

What is the function of the ventricles in the heart?

Answer 12

Contract to move blood at high pressure into arteries

Ventricles have thick muscular walls.

Question 13

What type of blood does the right atrium receive?

Answer 13

Deoxygenated blood

It receives blood from the body via the vena cavae.

Question 14

What does the right ventricle do?

Answer 14

Contracts to move deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery

This blood is then sent to the lungs.

Question 15

What type of blood does the left atrium receive?

Answer 15

Oxygenated blood

It receives blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Question 16

What does the left ventricle do?

Answer 16

Contracts to move oxygenated blood into the aorta

This blood is distributed to the rest of the body.

Question 17

Which ventricle has a thicker muscular wall?

Answer 17

Left ventricle

It produces greater pressure to pump blood a greater distance.

Question 18

What prevents the AV valves from inverting?

Answer 18

Heart strings or tendinous cords

They prevent the valves from turning inside out as ventricular pressure increases.

Question 19

True or false: The right ventricle supplies blood to the entire body.

Answer 19

FALSE

The right ventricle only supplies blood to the lungs.

Question 20

What is the role of myogenic contraction in the heart?

Answer 20

Contracts without fatigue

Myogenic means the heart muscle can contract on its own.

Question 21

What is the direction of blood flow from the right atrium?

Answer 21

To the right ventricle

Blood flows from the atrium to the ventricle before being pumped to the lungs.

Question 22

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 22

Distributes oxygenated blood to the body

The aorta carries blood from the left ventricle.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The pulmonary artery carries _______ blood to the lungs.

Answer 23

Deoxygenated

This is the blood that needs to be oxygenated.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The vena cavae return _______ blood to the right atrium.

Answer 24

Deoxygenated

This blood is collected from the body.

Question 25

When answering a question about cardiac cycle, what must you always include?

Answer 25

-pressure difference -valve involved -direction of blood flow/ prevent back flow