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civics Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Advertising

A

Social Advertisements refer to advertisements made by the government or private agencies that have a larger message for society

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2
Q

Publish

A

This refers to newsreports, articles, stories, etc, that are printed in newspapers, magazines and books for a wide audience to read.

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3
Q

Censorship

A

This refers to the powers that government has to disallow media from publishing or showing certain stories

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4
Q

Broadcast

A

A tv or a radio programme that is widely transmitted

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5
Q

Public Protest

A

When a large number of people come together and openly state their opposition to some issue. Organising a rally, starting a signature campaign, blocking roads etc.

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6
Q

What is the collective term for radio, TV, newspapers, and the Internet as forms of communication?

A

The term used is ‘media’.

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7
Q

The word ‘media’ is the plural form of which word?

A

It is the plural form of the word ‘medium’.

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8
Q

What term is used for forms of media like TV, radio, and newspapers that reach millions of people, or the masses?

A

These are called ‘mass media’.

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9
Q

Newspapers and magazines are collectively known as the _____ media.

A

print

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10
Q

TV and radio are collectively known as the _____ media.

A

electronic

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11
Q

How does making technology more modern help the media?

A

It helps media reach more people and improves the quality of sound and images.

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12
Q

According to the text, how has television enabled us to think of ourselves differently?

A

It has enabled us to think of ourselves as members of a larger global world.

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13
Q

What technology allows television images to travel huge distances, bringing news from other parts of the world?

A

Television images travel through satellites and cables.

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14
Q

Who is credited with inventing the ‘televisor’, an early television?

A

John L. Baird.

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15
Q

What is a major reason that operating mass media is very expensive?

A

The technologies used, such as lights, cameras, sound recorders, and transmission satellites, cost a lot of money.

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16
Q

Due to high operational costs, most television channels and newspapers are part of what type of organizations?

A

They are part of big business houses.

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17
Q

What is one of the primary ways in which mass media earns money?

A

Mass media earns money by advertising different products.

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18
Q

What is the intended purpose of repeatedly showing advertisements during television programs?

A

Advertisements are repeated in the hope that viewers will go out and buy what is advertised.

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19
Q

In a democracy, what is the media’s important role regarding the government?

A

The media provides news and discusses events, allowing citizens to learn how the government works.

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20
Q

What is a balanced media report?

A

A balanced report is one that discusses all points of view of a particular story and leaves it to the readers to make up their minds.

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21
Q

Achieving a balanced report depends on the media being what?

A

It depends on the media being independent.

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22
Q

What defines an ‘independent media’?

A

An independent media means that no one should control and influence its coverage of news.

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23
Q

Why is it important for information provided by the media to be reliable and not biased?

A

It is important because citizens take action based on this information.

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24
Q

What is the first of two main reasons cited for why the media is far from independent?

A

The first reason is the control that the government has on the media.

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25
The power of the government to prevent a news item, a movie scene, or song lyrics from being shared with the public is referred to as _____.
censorship
26
Which period in Indian history is mentioned as the worst example of the government censoring the media?
The Emergency between 1975–1977.
27
What is the second major reason, besides government control, that media is often not independent?
The second reason is that business houses control the media.
28
How does the media's need for money from advertising affect its independence?
It becomes difficult for the media to report against people or companies who give them advertisements.
29
What does it mean when it is said that the media 'sets the agenda'?
It means the media plays an important role in deciding which stories to focus on, thereby influencing what is considered newsworthy.
30
By focusing on particular issues, how does the media influence the public?
It influences our thoughts, feelings, and actions, and brings those issues to our attention.
31
What issue concerning cola drinks did the media recently bring to public attention?
The media drew attention to alarming levels of pesticides in cola drinks.
32
What example is given of a major problem in the country that the media seldom discusses?
The problem of access to safe drinking water is seldom discussed by the media.
33
What contrast in news coverage was highlighted by a well-known Indian journalist?
He noted how Fashion Week made front-page headlines while the demolition of several slums in the same week was not even noticed.
34
Why have several local groups started their own media outlets?
They recognize that mainstream media is often not interested in covering 'small' issues involving ordinary people and their daily lives.
35
What is Khabar Lahriya?
It is a fortnightly newspaper run by eight Dalit women in Chitrakoot district, Uttar Pradesh.
36
In which local language is the newspaper Khabar Lahriya written?
It is written in the local language, Bundeli.
37
What kind of topics does the newspaper Khabar Lahriya report on?
It reports on Dalit issues, cases of violence against women, and political corruption.
38
What are 'social advertisements'?
They are advertisements made by the government or private agencies that have a larger message for society.
39
What critical question should be asked about the point of view of a news article?
One should ask, 'From whose point of view is the article being written?'
40
What critical question should be asked about information that is not included in a news report?
One should ask, 'What information is not being provided?' or 'Whose point of view is being left out and why?'
41
What term refers to news reports, articles, and stories that are printed in newspapers, magazines, and books for a wide audience?
Publish.
42
What term is used to refer to a TV or radio programme that is widely transmitted?
Broadcast.
43
What is a 'public protest'?
It is when a large number of people come together and openly state their opposition to some issue.
44
According to the diagram on page 73, what is the role of media in the cycle between big business houses and the public?
The media promotes products from big business houses to readers, viewers, and listeners through advertisements.
45
How does money flow back to big business houses in the cycle depicted in the diagram?
People buy products they have seen advertised in the media, causing money to flow back to the businesses.
46
What change did electronic typewriters bring about in the 1940s?
With electronic typewriters, journalism underwent a sea-change.
47
How does the text describe television's effect on our perception of distance and global events?
Television has brought the world closer to us, allowing people to see events happening in distant places.
48
Why might a media outlet choose to focus on only one side of a story to make it more interesting?
Media outlets might do this to increase public support for an issue or simply because they believe it makes the story more compelling.
49
Social Advertisements refer to advertisements made by the government or private agencies that have a larger message for society
What are social advertisements?
50
This refers to news reports, articles, and stories printed for a wide audience
What does publish mean?
51
The power of the government to stop media from showing certain content
What is censorship?
52
A TV or radio programme that is widely transmitted
What is broadcast?
53
When people come together to openly oppose an issue
What is a public protest?
54
Media
What is the collective term for radio, TV, newspapers, and the Internet?
55
Medium
The word media is the plural of which word?
56
Mass media
What term is used for media that reaches millions?
57
Print
Newspapers and magazines are called which media?
58
Electronic
TV and radio are called which media?
59
It helps reach more people and improves sound and image quality
How does modern technology help media?
60
It makes us think of ourselves as part of a global world
How has television changed how we see ourselves?
61
Satellites and cables
How do TV images travel long distances?
62
John L. Baird
Who invented the televisor?
63
High cost of technology
Why is mass media very expensive to operate?
64
Big business houses
Who owns most TV channels and newspapers?
65
Advertising
How does mass media earn money?
66
To make people buy products
Why are ads shown repeatedly?
67
To inform citizens about government
In a democracy, what is media’s role?
68
A report showing all points of view
What is a balanced media report?
69
Independent
A balanced report depends on media being what?
70
No one controls its news coverage
What is independent media?
71
People act based on media information
Why must media be reliable?
72
Government control
What is the first reason media is not independent?
73
Censorship
What is the government’s power to stop information called?
74
The Emergency (1975–77)
Which period saw worst media censorship in India?
75
Business house control
What is the second reason media lacks independence?
76
It avoids reporting against advertisers
How does advertising affect media independence?
77
It decides what issues are important
What does “media sets the agenda” mean?
78
It influences thoughts and actions
How does media influence the public?
79
Pesticides in cola drinks
What issue about cola drinks was highlighted?
80
Lack of safe drinking water
Which major issue is often ignored by media?
81
Fashion Week vs slum demolitions
What contrast did an Indian journalist highlight?
82
Mainstream media ignores small issues
Why did local groups start their own media?
83
A newspaper run by Dalit women
What is Khabar Lahriya?
84
Bundeli
In which language is Khabar Lahriya written?
85
Dalit issues, women’s violence, corruption
What topics does Khabar Lahriya cover?
86
From whose point of view is it written?
What should we ask about a news article?
87
What information is missing?
What should we ask about what is not included?
88
Publish
What term is used for printed news?
89
Broadcast
What term is used for widely transmitted programs?
90
Public opposition by people
Define public protest
91
Media promotes products through ads
What role does media play in the business cycle?
92
People buy advertised products
How does money return to businesses?
93
Journalism changed drastically
What did electronic typewriters change?
94
The world feels closer
How has TV changed perception of distance?
95
To make stories more compelling
Why does media show only one side sometimes?
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