Pharm > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

True/False: phenytoin causes gingival hyperplasia

A

True

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2
Q

True/False: carbamazepine induces hepatic microsomal enzymes

A

True

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3
Q

True/False: Valproic acid is teratogenic

A

True (think causes of spina bifida)

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4
Q

True/False: Ethosuximide is used in the mx of tonic-clonic seizures

A

False, abscence seizures

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5
Q

True/False: Diazepam is used intravenously in status epilepticus

A

True

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6
Q

True/False: MOA of Clomipramine = monoamine oxidase inhibitor

A

False, antidepressant which prevents the re-uptake of 5HT & NA

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7
Q

True/False: MOA of Sertraline = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

A

True (antidepressant)

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8
Q

True/False: MOA of Venlafaxine = serotonin NA reuptake inhibitor

A

True (antidepressant)

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9
Q

True/False: MOA of Amitriptyline = tricyclic antidepressant

A

True (incl. -pramines, - tiptylines, - pines)

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10
Q

True/False: MOA of Lithium = dopamine receptor blocker

A

False

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11
Q

True/False: MOA of Levodopa = monoamine oxidase inhibitor

A

False, dopamine precursor

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12
Q

True/False: MOA of Bromocriptin = dopamine receptor agonist

A

True

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13
Q

True/False: MOA of Rasagiline = increases synaptic dopamine levels

A

True

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14
Q

True/False: MOA of Entacopone = COMT inhibitor

A

True

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15
Q

True/False: MOA of Selegiline = muscarinic receptor agonist

A

False, monomamine oxidase inhibitor

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16
Q

True/False: A/E of tricyclic antidepressants = hypothermia

A

False (similar to all the PNS blockers A/E)

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17
Q

True/False: A/E of tricyclic antidepressants = hypotension

A

True, orthostatic hypotension

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18
Q

True/False: A/E of tricyclic antidepressants = weight loss

A

False

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19
Q

True/False: A/E of tricyclic antidepressants = glaucoma

A

False

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20
Q

True/False: Haloperidol (antipsychotic) increases the risk of akathisia (restlessness)

A

True

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21
Q

True/False: A/E of tricyclic antidepressants = dry mouth

A

True

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22
Q

True/False: Clozapine causes weight loss

A

False, weight gain

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23
Q

True/False: Risperidone reduces aggression in children

A

True

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24
Q

True/False: Olanzapine causes insomnia

A

False

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25
True/False: Haloperidol is a dopamine-2 receptor agonist
False
26
True/False: Clomipramine (antidepressant - TCA) is associated with erectile dysfx
False (PNS blockers symptoms)
27
True/False: Venlafaxine is indicated for post-herpetic neuralgia
True
28
True/False: Citalopram overdose causes malignant hyperthermia
False
29
True/False: Amitriptyline overdose causes convulsions
True
30
True/False: the combo of fluoxetine and tramadol increases the risk of serotonin syndrome
True
31
True/False: absorption of levodopa is decreased by a high-protein meal
True
32
True/False: levodopa is an enantiomer of carbidopa
False - Carbidopa is a dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor, while levodopa is a dopamine precursor
33
True/False: levodopa reduces the risk of psychosis
False - it increases the risk, especially with long-term use/high doses
34
True/False: levodopa is a substrate of dopa-decarboxylase
True
35
True/False: levodopa causes postural hypotension
True
36
True/False: Rasagiline (Parkinson's) is a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor
True
37
True/False: Pramipexole (Parkinson's) increases the risk of pathological gambling.
True
38
True/False: Pramipexole (Parkinson's) increases the risk of sudden onset "sleep attacks".
True
39
True/False: An overdose of imipramine causes seizures.
True
40
True/False: An overdose of imipramine causes insomnia.
False, sedation
41
True/False: An overdose of imipramine causes hypertension.
False, HYPOtension
42
True/False: An overdose of imipramine causes arrhythmia.
True
43
True/False: An overdose of imipramine causes diarrhoea
False, constipation
44
True/False: Carbamazepine blocks sodium channels.
True
45
True/False: Phenytoin opens chloride channels.
False, blocks voltage-gated sodium channels
46
True/False: Valproic acid increases GABA synthesis.
True
47
True/False: Lamotrigine stimulates glutamate receptors.
False, inhibits glutamate release and blocks sodium channels
48
True/False: Ethosuximide blocks calcium channels.
True
49
True/False: in the prevention of seizures, monohydroxy-oxycarbazepine is an active metabolite.
True
50
True/False: in the prevention of seizures, topirimate is a cognitive enhancer.
False, impairs cognition
51
True/False: in the prevention of seizures, carbamazepine prevents absence seizures.
False, it can worsen them
52
True/False: in the prevention of seizures, hepatic metabolism of phenytoin is saturable.
True
53
True/False: Olanzapine has a greater affinity for 5HT2 receptors than D2 receptors.
True
54
True/False: Olanzapine causes weight gain as a S/E.
True
55
True/False: A/E of Haloperidol incl. insomnia.
True
56
True/False: A/E of Haloperidol incl. orofacial dyskinesias.
True
57
True/False: A/E of Haloperidol incl. gynaecomastia.
True
58
True/False: A/E of Haloperidol incl. extrapyramidal tremor.
True
59
True/False: Diazepam enhances the effect of GABA.
True
60
True/False: Benzodiazepines cause sedation.
True
61
True/False: Benzodiazepines blocks chloride channels.
False, enhance GABA-mediated chloride influx
62
True/False: Clonazepam is used in the mx of epilepsy.
True
63
True/False: Benzodiazepines cause respiratory depression in overdose
True
64
True/False: Olanzapine causes insomnia as a S/E.
False, causes sedation
65
True/False: Imipramine inhibits monoamine oxidase.
False, it’s a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that blocks the reuptake of serotonin and NA
66
True/False: Venlafaxine inhibits reuptake of both NA & serotonin.
True
67
True/False: Fluoxetine causes postsynaptic hyperpolarisation.
False, it’s an SSRI that inhibits serotonin reuptake
68
True/False: Moclobemide blocks postsynaptic B-adrenoreceptors.
False, it’s a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA)
69
True/False: Diazepam causes postsynaptic neuronal stimulation
False, causes neuronal inhibition by enhancing GABA’s inhibitory effects
70
True/False: Diazepam is metabolised by hepatic CYP450 enzymes
True
71
True/False: Diazepam is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA
True
72
True/False: Diazepam's clinical effects are enhanced by Flumazenil
False, Flumazenil actually antagonises and reverses them
73
True/False: Diazepam is used to treat anxiety
True, as well as insomnia, muscle spasms, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal
74
True/False: In the management of insomnia, Oxazepam is preferred to diazepam in patients with hepatic dysfunction.
True
75
True/False: In the management of insomnia, Trazodone is an agonist at postsynaptic 5HT2 receptors.
False, 5HT₂ antagonist and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor
76
True/False: In the management of insomnia, Zolpidem has a shorter duration of action than zopiclone.
True
77
True/False: In the management of insomnia, Zoplicone is more sedating than olanzapine.
True
78
True/False: In the management of insomnia, Zolpidem exacerbates snoring in pt with obstructive sleep apnea.
True
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