Lack of conservation
Focus on one dimention. Numbers, volume, mass. This is understood from age 7 (concrete stage)
Transitive inference
If a is bigger than b, b is smaller than a.
Class inclusion
Are there more roses or flowers
Virtical decalage
Understanding of a task increases over time
Horizontal decalage
A specific principle is applied to different tasks at different times
Inconsistent decalage
Performance is not the same on all tasks. You don’t apply the same knowledge to all tasks