Constructs

Question 1

abstract step

Answer 1

a high-level action in an algorithm that describes what needs to be done without detailing how to do it

Question 2

algorithm

Answer 2

a step-by-step set of instructions designed to perform a specific task or solve a problem

Question 3

branch

Answer 3

When instructions in a program/algorithm can branch off into different actions depending on conditions, such as with an if, if/else or while statement. (Selection is choosing the path, branch is walking the path)

Question 4

infinite loop

Answer 4

An infinite loop is a loop that never ends because its stop-condition is never satisfied or is missing.

Question 5

input

Answer 5

when the program receives and processes data from any source

Question 6

loop control variable

Answer 6

The variable that determines if a loop continues or ends

Question 7

nested structure

Answer 7

When you have instructions placed inside another set of instructions.

Question 8

output

Answer 8

Any data that’s given/posted by the program to either a user or system.

Question 9

pretest loop

Answer 9

a loop that checks its condition to stop or continue before running, such as a while loop.

Question 10

pseudocode

Answer 10

Fake code written as close to plain English as possible so you can focus on problem solving without worrying about syntax.

Question 11

repetition (iteration)

Answer 11

the act of executing a set of instructions multiple times, typically using loops

Question 12

selection

Answer 12

a control structure that allows a program to choose between different actions based on conditions. (Selection is choosing the path, branching is walking it).