Digestive System

Question 1

Taking food in

Answer 1

Ingestion

Question 2

Smooth muscle moving food

Answer 2

Motility

Question 3

Propelling food along the GI tract

Answer 3

Peristalsis

Question 4

Moving food back and forth, enzymatic exposure

Answer 4

Mixing/segmentation

Question 5

Why is segmentation important?

Answer 5

Food gets more enzymatic exposure

Question 6

What is secreted into the GI tract

Answer 6

mucous, enzymes, HCl, bile, hormones

Question 7

Breaking down large molecules into smaller ones

Answer 7

Digestion

Question 8

Take digestive molecules from GI tract into blood

Answer 8

Absorption

Question 9

Two types of digestion

Answer 9

Mechanical and Chemical

Question 10

Six functions of digestive system

Answer 10

1. Ingestion
2. Motility
3. Secretion
4. Digestion
5. Absorption
6. elimination

Question 11

What is the stand alone nervous system involved in digestion

Answer 11

Enteric NS

Question 12

What are involved in the enteric NS’s sensory dynamic

Answer 12

Chemo and mechanoreceptors

Question 13

Receives info such as stretch and generates motor output

Answer 13

Integrator of enteric NS

Question 14

What does the motor side of the enteric NS do?

Answer 14

Muscle, secretory, blood flow

Question 15

Effect of SNS on digestion

Answer 15

Inhibitory

Question 16

Effect of PSNS on digestion

Answer 16

Stimulatory

Question 17

Three general parts of oral cavity

Answer 17

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands

Question 18

Point where tooth attaches to bone

Answer 18

Root

Question 19

Visible part of the tooth

Answer 19

Crown

Question 20

Hard part that makes up crown

Answer 20

Enamel

Question 21

Role of tongue

Answer 21

Mastification and mixing

Question 22

Secretes saliva

Answer 22

Salivary glands

Question 23

Moistens and lubricates food, antibacterial, and aids in chemical digestion

Answer 23

Saliva

Question 24

Two roles of peritoneum

Answer 24

1. Serous
2. Covers internal organs

Question 25

Secretes a lubrication fluid over internal organs

Answer 25

Serous peritoneum

Question 26

Folds of peritoneum that support organs

Answer 26

Mesenteries

Question 27

Hollow space

Answer 27

Lumen

Question 28

Roles of mucosa

Answer 28

Absorb and protect

Question 29

Mucosa absorption tissue

Answer 29

Simple epithelium

Question 30

Mucosa protective tissue

Answer 30

Stratified epithelium

Question 31

GI tract layers in order

Answer 31

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, Adventitial/serosal

Question 32

What is located in the submucosa?

Answer 32

Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics

Question 33

Two main components of the muscularis

Answer 33

Smooth muscle and sphincters

Question 34

Two types of muscularis smooth muscle

Answer 34

Circular and longitudinal

Question 35

Gates that regulate passage

Answer 35

Sphincters

Question 36

What is the adventatial/serosal layer made of?

Answer 36

Connective tissue

Question 37

What kinds of muscle is the esophagus made of?

Answer 37

Skeletal and smooth

Question 38

Where is the esophageal skeletal muscle located

Answer 38

Upper, by the mouth

Question 39

What kind of movement occurs in the esophagus?

Answer 39

Peristalsis

Question 40

What are the two names for the sphincter that prevents back flow from the stomach?

Answer 40

Lower esophageal sphincter/cardiac sphincter

Question 41

What occurs in the esophagus?

Answer 41

Passage only

Question 42

What occurs on the stomach?

Answer 42

Storage, a little absorption

Question 43

Sphincter that separates stomach and small intestine

Answer 43

Pyloric sphincter

Question 44

Located in stomach and allow for stretch

Answer 44

Gastric folds/rugae

Question 45

Areas in stomach lined with secretory cells

Answer 45

Gastric pits

Question 46

What is secreted into gastric pits?

Answer 46

HCl, HCO3-, mucus, enzymes

Question 47

What kinds of digestion occur in the stomach?

Answer 47

Mechanical and chemical

Question 48

Three regions of small intestine in order

Answer 48

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 49

What section of the small intestine attaches to the stomach?

Answer 49

Duodenum

Question 50

What is the longest section of small intestine?

Answer 50

Jejunum

Question 51

What section of small intestine attaches to the large intestine?

Answer 51

Ileum

Question 52

What three things help digestion in the small intestine by increasing surface area?

Answer 52

Circular folds, Villi, Microvilli

Question 53

Finger like extension in small intestine to aid digestion and absorption

Answer 53

Villi

Question 54

What are on villi?

Answer 54

Microvilli

Question 55

What do small intestine cells secrete?

Answer 55

Enzymes, hormones, and mucus

Question 56

Regions of large intestine

Answer 56

Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum, anal canal

Question 57

How many anal canal sphincters are there?

Answer 57

2

Question 58

Three roles of large intestine

Answer 58

Storage, excretion, and some absorption

Question 59

Four main liver function

Answer 59

1. Secrete bile 2. Detoxification 3. Nutrient storage 4. Synthesize plasma proteins

Question 60

Role of bile

Answer 60

Fat digestion

Question 61

Role of liver detoxication

Answer 61

Break down bad things

Question 62

What is a main nutrient stored in the liver?

Answer 62

Glycogen

Question 63

Role of gall bladder

Answer 63

Storing bile

Question 64

Two types of pancreatic cells

Answer 64

Pancreatic islets and acinar cells

Question 65

Function of pancreatic islets

Answer 65

Endocrine, secreting insulin and glucagon

Question 66

Role of acinar cells

Answer 66

Exocrine, secreting digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

Question 67

Chemicals released into a lumen or duct

Answer 67

Exocrine

Question 68

What do pancreatic digestive enzymes act on

Answer 68

Fats, proteins, carbohydrates

Question 69

Role of bicarbonate

Answer 69

Neutralize HCl