Urinary System

Question 1

Functions of the renal system (3)

Answer 1

1. Urine formation, storage, and excretion
2. Waste removal
3. Regulation

Question 2

What four things does the kidney regulated

Answer 2

1. Blood volume
2. Ion concentration
3. Acid-base balance
4. RBC formation (EPO)

Question 3

Four renal system componets

Answer 3

Kidney x2
Ureters x2
bladder
urethra

Question 4

Place where the entry and exit of blood vessels, nerves, and ureters is

Answer 4

Hilum

Question 5

Nervous system that acts on kidneys

Answer 5

SNS

Question 6

Layers of the kidney outside to in

Answer 6

Cortex, medulla

Question 7

What three things are located in the cortex

Answer 7

Renal corpuscle, PCT, DCT

Question 8

What parts of the nephron are located in the medulla?

Answer 8

Nephron loop, collecting duct

Question 9

What else is located in the medulla?

Answer 9

Pyramids, renal columns

Question 10

What are located in renal columns?

Answer 10

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 11

Order of calycies

Answer 11

Minor into major

Question 12

What is continuous with the ureter coming from the kidney?

Answer 12

Renal pelvis

Question 13

Seven step kidney flow

Answer 13

1. Nephron
2. Collecting duct
3. Minor and major calycies
4. Renal pelvis
5. ureter
6. bladder
7. exit through urethra

Question 14

Vasculature of the renal system (6)

Answer 14

1. Renal artery
2. afferent arteriole
3. Glomerular capillaries
4. Efferent arteriole
5. vasa recta and peritubular capillary
6. Renal veins

Question 15

Four functions of the nephron

Answer 15

1. Filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Secretion
4. Excretion

Question 16

Removal of H2O and other contents from the blood by way of the glomerulus

Answer 16

Filtration

Question 17

Return of filtered substances from tubules to blood (Vasa recta and peritubular capillaries)

Answer 17

Reabsorption

Question 18

Added into tubular fluid from the blood

Answer 18

Secretion

Question 19

Equals filtration minus reabsorption

Answer 19

Excretion

Question 20

Two components of the renal corpuscle

Answer 20

Glomerulus and glomerular capsule

Question 21

Role of glomerulus

Answer 21

Filtration

Question 22

What kind of walls are in the renal corpuscle

Answer 22

Fenestrated

Question 23

What are the renal corpuscle walls fenestrated?

Answer 23

To increase the glomerular filtration rate

Question 24

What is the beginning of a nephron

Answer 24

Glomerular capsule

Question 25

Where does a majority of absorption take place in the kidney?

Answer 25

In the proximal tubule

Question 26

What is completely absorbed by the proximal tubule?

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

What is reabsorbed in the nephron loop?

Answer 27

H2O and Na+

Question 28

What is reabsorbed in the DCT?

Answer 28

Na+ and H2O

Question 29

What is secreted into the DCT for pH balance?

Answer 29

H+ and HCO3-

Question 30

What happens in the collecting duct? (2)

Answer 30

H2O reabsorption by ADH and reaches final concentration

Question 31

Carries urine from kidney to bladder

Answer 31

Ureter

Question 32

Storage site of urine

Answer 32

Bladder

Question 33

What kind of tissue is the bladder and why?

Answer 33

Transitional epithelium for stretch

Question 34

What allow the bladder to stretch other than the tissue type?

Answer 34

Rugae

Question 35

Where is the detrusor muscle?

Answer 35

In the bladder

Question 36

What is kind of muscle is the detrusor?

Answer 36

Smooth muscle

Question 37

What type of control is the internal sphincter?

Answer 37

Involuntary

Question 38

What type of control is the external sphincter?

Answer 38

Voluntary

Question 39

Where are the urinary sphincters located?

Answer 39

In the urethra