Dislipidemia Flashcards

(8 cards)

1
Q

RF Mayor :

A

MR HOD

  1. HT > 140 / 90 mmHg
  2. Dislipidemia
    Kolestrol total > 200 mg/dl
    LDL > 160 mg/dl
    TG > 200 mg/dl
    HDL (LK < 40) (PR < 50)
  3. Obesitas
    LP (LK > 90 cm) (PR > 80 cm)
  4. Merokok
  5. Riw keluarga PJK prematur
    (LK < 55 thn, PR < 65 thn)

Nb: hiperurisemia
As urat:
Lk > 7 mg/dl
Pr > 6 mg/dl

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2
Q

Resiko sangat tinggi

A
  • Aterosklerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) -> CAD, PAD, Stroke
  • DM 1/2 dgn komplikasi mikro (neuropati, nefropati, retinopati) ATAU dengan > 3 RF mayor, ATAU durasi DM selama > 20 thn
  • PGK/CKD berat, grade G4 (GFR < 30)
  • Resiko total cardiovaskukar > 20%
  • Target LDL < 55
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3
Q

Resiko tinggi

A
  • Kolestrol total > 310, LDL > 190,
    TG > 180
  • DM tanpa komplikasi, ATAU durasi DM selama > 10 tahun
  • PGK/CKD grade G3 (GFR > 30-59)
  • Resiko cardiovaskular 10-20%
  • Target LDL < 70
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4
Q

Resiko sedang

A
  • DM 1 usia > 35 thn, DM 2 usia < 50 thn, durasi selama < 10 thn
  • Resiko cardiovaskular 5-10%
  • Target LDL < 100
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5
Q

Resiko rendah

A
  • Resiko kardiovaskular
    < 5%
  • Target LDL < 116
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6
Q

Tx dislipidemia

A

Semua kasus dislipidemia -> Statin
Menghambat secara kompetitif kerja enzim HMG-CoA reductase

  1. Statin intensitas tinggi
    (resiko sangat tinggi dan resiko tinggi)
    • atorvastatin 40-80 mg
    • rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
  2. Statin intensitas sedang
    (resiko sedang)
    • atorvastatin 10-20 mg
    • rosuvastatin 5-10 mg
    • simvastatin 20-40 mg
  3. Statin intensitas rendah
    (Resiko rendah)
    • simvastatin 10 mg

Kecuali keadaan:

  1. TGA > 500 atau HANYA TGA naik
    Fibrat atau As nikotinat
    - Gemfibrozil 2x600 mg atau 1x900 mg
    - Fenofibrat 1x200 mg
  2. HANYA HDL turun < 40-50
    Niasin / as nikotinat (vit b3)
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7
Q

Komplikasi obat fibrat (gemfibrozil)

A

Rhabdomyolisis / miopati

Klinis: BAK warna merah gelap / kehitaman

Periksa: kreatin kinase»_space;
Menandakan adanya kerusakan otot
Lanjut periksa fungsi ginjal

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8
Q

Efek samping obat dislipidemia

A
  1. Statin: miopati (Rhabdomyolisis)
    KI absolut: penyakit liver akut/kronik
    Relatif: penggunaan obat tertentu
  2. Bile acid sequestran: ggn GIT, flatulen, konstipasi
    - Cholestyramine
    - Colestipol
    - Colesevelam
    KI absolut: disbetalipoproteinemia, TGA > 400 mg/dl
    Relatif: TGA > 200 mg/dl
  3. Asam nikotinat: gout, hiperurisemia, hiperglikemia, hepatotoksik, ggn GIT
    KI absolut: peny liver kronik, gout berat
    Relatif: DM, hiperurisemia, ulkus peptikum
  4. Fibrat: miopati, batu empedu, dispepsia
    KI absolut: peny ginjal dan hati berat
  5. Ezetemibe: umumnya dpt ditoleransi
    KI: peny hati atau peningkatan enzim hati
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