OOW 3000 Big One! > ECDIS > Flashcards

ECDIS Flashcards

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1
Q

What doe ECDIS stand for?

A

Electronic Chart Display and Information System

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2
Q

What is the primary purpose of ECDIS?

A

To enhance the safety of navigation

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3
Q

How can OOWs avoid becoming over-reliant on ECDIS?

A

By regularly cross-checking the position given by the ECDIS and by thoroughly understanding the limitations of the system

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4
Q

What is the datum shift?

A

Datum shift is when the datum used to derive the position doesn’t match the datum of the chart on which that position is plotted

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5
Q

What is alarm fatigue?

A

Alarm fatigue is when users who are exposed to high-levels of spurious/false alarms begin to be desensitised and fail to respond to alarms appropriately

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6
Q

What is an ECS?

A

An Electronic Charting System which does not meet the performance standards laid down by the IMO for it to be classes as an ECDIS

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7
Q

Which vessels are required to be fitted with ECDIS?

A

All newly-built passenger ships of 500gt or more and all newly-built cargo ships (including tankers) of 3000gt or more, on international voyages

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8
Q

Must a vessel carry two independent ECDIS systems to meet the carriage requirements of SOLAS V R19?

A

No, it is also acceptable to carry an ‘appropriate folio’ of paper charts

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9
Q

If a vessel does carry an additional ECDIS unit as a back-up, what are the additional requirements?

A

It must be an independent, type-approved ECDIS unit with a separate (normal and emergency) power supply and GNSS input

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10
Q

If an ‘appropriate folio’ of paper charts is carried as a back-up, what are the additional requirements?

A

The paper charts must be corrected and kept up-to-date at all times, be readily available and the passage plan must be indicated on the charts

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11
Q

Which part of SOLAS states the carriage requirements for ECDIS?

A

SOLAS Chapter V (Safety of Navigation), Regulation 19 (Carriage requirements for for shipborne navigational systems and equipment)

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12
Q

What are the training requirements for the use of ECDIS?

A

All Officers using ECDIS must have attended a Generic ECDIS Course and have received type-specific ECDIS training

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13
Q

Are Officers required to complete a type-specific ECDIS training course?

A

No but the company must ensure that their Officers are appropriately trained and familiarised with the equipment. This may be through a course or a program of onboard training

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14
Q

Where is the vessel’s approval to use ECDIS as the Primary Means of Navigation recorded?

A

On the vessel’s Record of Equipment, which is part of the Cargo Ship Safety Equipment (where it is known as Form E) or the passenger Ship Safety Certificate (where it is known as Form P)

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15
Q

What must the SMS contain regarding ECDIS?

A

It must include procedures for carriage and safe operation with ECDIS

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16
Q

What is the primary source of position input for ECDIS?

A

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)

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17
Q

Which input enables the ECDIS to generate a heading marker?

A

Gyrocompass

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18
Q

Which input creates the small tribbles on the ECDIS screen which represent other vessels?

A

Automated Identification System (AIS)

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19
Q

Which system input is used to display water depth and/or under keel clearance on the ECDIS?

A

Echosounder

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20
Q

Which input provides the ECDIS with STW data?

A

Speed log

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21
Q

Which system can be overlaid onto ECDIS and used for both position monitoring and assessing risk of collision?

A

Radar

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22
Q

Which two mandatory alerts relate to the vessel’s GNSS units?

A

Change in geodetic datum and positioning system failure

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23
Q

How many mandatory alerts are there on ECDIS?

A

5, although 3 additional ones may be raised wither as an alert or an indication

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24
Q

How many mandatory indications are there on ECDIS?

A

12, although 3 additional ones may be raised either as an alert or an indication

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25
What is the difference between an alert and an indication?
An art is audible (and most likely also visual), whereas an indication is solely visual
26
What are the 3 priorities of alert on an ECDIS?
Alarm, warning and caution
27
What are the 5 main mandatory alerts on ECDIS?
1. Pass closer than the set distance from the safety contour 2. Deviation from route 3. Positioning system failure 4. Approach to critical point 5. Different geodetic datum
28
Which electronic chart type is preferable when navigating with an ECDIS unit?
An Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)
29
Does a small-scale chart represent more or less land/sea are?
More. A small-scale chart uses a smaller scale to represent more land/sea area on a single chart
30
Which scale is an ENC at scale 6?
Berthing
31
What is an ECDIS called when it is being used to display RNCs?
Raster Chart Display System (RCDS)
32
Which electronic chart type enables the interrogation of chart data?
ENCs
33
Which electronic chart type is a database of information which is then represented graphically to the user?
ENCs
34
Which electric chart type can make it easier to find information on berth names/numbers?
RNCs, because this information is often harder to find on ENCs and an be laid out less clearly
35
Which set of ECDIS symbols looks more like those found on paper charts?
Traditional
36
What does this mean?
Generic isolated danger symbol - with less depth than user-selected safety contour or where the depth is unknown
37
Which UKHO publication provides information about the symbols used on electronic charts?
NP 5012 - Admiralty Guide to END Symbols used in ECDIS
38
What are the 4 categories of symbols found on ENCs?
1. Generic 2. Navigational Aid and Services 3. Topographical 4. Hydrographical
39
Which category is symbols contains depth soundings?
Hydrographical
40
Which of the contours takes into account a 'Minimum UKC' value?
Safety Contour
41
Which Chart Presentation Mode contains the least chart information?
Base
42
What is the Safety Depth value normally set to?
The same value as the Safety Contour
43
Which contour is indicated to the OOW that the vessel is entering an area where they may start to experience squat?
Deep contour
44
What does a spot sounding which is deeper than the Safety Depth look like?
A light grey number
45
What happens when the look-ahead sector touches the safety contour?
An alarm will sound on the ECDIS. This is one of the mandatory alarms
46
What's the difference between the Safety Depth and Safety Contour?
Although they use the same value, the Safety Contour act as the ECDIS's no-go area, broadly dividing areas of safe and unsafe water in a way that's very obvious and also works with the alarm features of ECDIS. Safety Depths give further context by highlighting depths shallower than the value set in bold, whereas safe depths are in a less-noticeable grey
47
In context of ECDIS, what does interrogating mean?
Clicking on an ENC object to see more information about it
48
What is SCAMIN?
SCAMIN means Scale Minimum. It is a filter, based on scale, which is used to manage the amount of information displayed on the ECDIS screen
49
Which scale/zoom level should we navigate on?
In general, we should always navigate on the largest-scale cell available for the area in which the vessel is navigating and display that cell at its compilation scale
50
How should the position be monitored when using ECDIS?
The GNSS feed into the ECDIS will provide it with continuous position updates but the OOW must also cross-check this position at appropriate intervals using other means, such as visual and radar fixes
51
Which ENC standard ensures the consistency of presentation across ECDIS systems?
S-52
52
Which is the current version of the Presentation Library?
Version 4 -2017
53
What are the four ENCs standards?
S-52, S-57, S-63 and S-100
54
What is the difference between S-57 and S-100?
S-57 is single standard which defined the procedures to construct an ENC, whereas S-100 is a Universal Hydrographic Data Model which will enable a variety of S-100-based products (such as S-102 - Bathymetric Surface, e.g. depth information) to be overlaid on top of S-101, the new S-100-series standard for ENCs
55
We have a vessel that is 336m in length, ached with 8 shackles on deck. What radius should the swinging circle be set to?
0.3nm (3 cables)
56
What are VDRs used for?
To record data from various systems during a voyage so that this information can be accessed in case of an accident, must like the black box on a plane
57
How many metres are there in a shackle?
27.5m
58
What are the mandatory alarms on an ECDIS?
- Crossing a safety contour - Deviation from planned route - Approach to a critical point - Approach to danger (based on ENC data) - Different geodetic datum - System failure
59
What are the mandatory indications in ECDIS?
- Difference reference system - Large positioning system error - Malfunction of input sensors - No ENC available at required scale
60
What are the limitations of ECDIS?
- Not all world is covered - Single point failure - Large training requirements - Anomalies (datum/scale mismatch) - User unfamiliarities with ECDIS and symbols - Alarm fatigue - Limitations of source data (CATZOC) - Sailing with ENCs and paper charts (double workload)
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