A Level Physical Education > elete > Flashcards

elete Flashcards

(38 cards)

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1
Q

Elete sport characteristics

A
  • reached highest levels of performance
  • national and internationsal standards
  • only a small minority
  • amature or porfessional
  • can be disabled
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2
Q

Qualities needed to be an elete performer

( Personal )

A
  • self dicipline
  • determination
  • high pain tolerance
  • high self confidance
  • naturally talented
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3
Q

Qualities needed to be an elete performer

( social )

A
  • supportive family
  • money
  • few barriers
  • inequality of educational programs
  • facilities, equiptment and coaching
  • acadamy setup
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4
Q

UK sport and elete performers

( overall aims, when founded )

A
  • founded just after the atlanta olympics

Overall aims:

  • developing high performance in sport in the UK
  • Imploment various stategies to increase sporting excelence
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5
Q

UK sport and elete performers

primary role and 3 channels

A
  • strategically invest and distribute national lottery funding for elete performer development, in order to maxamise performance in olympic and paralymic games
  • funding to NGB’s = able to operate a worldclass program covering all funded summer and winter para and olympic.
  • providing funding directly to athletes via atheletes personal award, contributing to their living and sporting costs
  • national insitutes of sport eg: lougbrough uni ( places with outstanding sport facilities )
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6
Q

WORLD CLASS PERFORMANCE PROGRAMME

(3 levels )

A

Podium = atheletes have realistic medal winning capabilities, at next Olympic Games ( 4 years ) eg: Keeley hodgkinson

Podium potential= realistic medal winning capabilities at subsequent Olympic Games ( 8 years )

Performance potential = funding and support to identify and confirm athletes who have potential to progress to WCPP typically aged 17-20

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7
Q

talent identification and development

definitions

A

Identification = searching for potential elete atheletes

Development = support structures in place, aimed at enhansing talent to allow performers to reach max potential

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8
Q

talent identification and development

  • inportant factors
A
  • high quality coaches = being worked to best of their ability
  • provision of sport services = known thye are being looked after by the best eg: physios
  • uk sport, EIS and ngb worling together = chnaces for world class performance pathway
  • clearly defined roles = perofrmance stage quicker
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9
Q

talent identification and development

systematic approach

A
  • testing everyone in y10 through fitness testing

pros
- large talent pool
- no one gets missed
- can be guided towards suitible sports

dis
- nerves, pressure and evaluation apprehension
- late develpoment can be missed
- large numbers need to be tested
- high funding required

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10
Q

Ethics in sport

AMATURISM

how is it still evident today

A
  • deviant behaviour discouaraged through punishments
  • fairplay and sportsmanship, eg: hitting net in tennis and an apology
  • amature comps exist = where if amature wins cant accept money eg: nick dunlap
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11
Q

Ethics in sport

AMATURISM

how has it chnaged

A
  • was upper and middle / all classes
  • used to be gentleman amatures /now devience occours
  • no money involved / can get money from sponsorships
  • used to play for love of it / play to win
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12
Q

Ethics in sport

AMATURISM

ideals from 19th century amatures that conflict with todays pros

A
  • play for love of it / play to win ( money )
  • strict moral code / foul play and gamesmanship occours
  • used god given talents / pros are specialised and trained seriously
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13
Q

Ethics in sport

OLYMPIC OATH

what is it

A
  • respecting and abiding by the rules in the spirit of fair play, no doping or cheating, in the spirit of sportsmanshup
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14
Q

Ethics in sport

OLYMPIC OATH

is it still relevent today? no

A
  • lots of doping occouring eg: ben johnson in 1998 stripped of gold medal and world record due to failed drug test
  • russia 1000 atheletes testing positive to PEDS
  • 1986 allowing pros to compete = focussing on winning at all costs which is against sportsmanship
  • getting payed for medals against ethic/outcome
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14
Q

Ethics in sport

OLYMPIC OATH

is it still relevent today? yes

A
  • sportsmanship shown eg: quatar and italy sharing high jump medal at 2020 olympics
  • deviance is punished eg: russia banned from international events for 2 years
  • ethic/outcome = sailor laurence lemieux = in place to win, instead saved a person trapped in choppy waters. sacrificing first place
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15
Q

Ethics in sport

SPORTSMANSHIP

what is it, how to promote it

Study These Flashcards
A

being honest, fairplay, respect, unwritten rules

  • NGB campeigns ( respect campeign, educates on correct conduct
  • technology ( VAR ) no subjectivity HOWEVER NOT ALWAYS CORRECT
  • Punishing deviance ( yellow card ), less likely to commit offense
  • Durug testing ( Random ) decrease amount of people taking drugs HOWEVER SOME DRUGS ARENT DETECTED
  • Rules introduced = less likely to break rules HOWEVER STILL OCCOURS
16
Q

Ethics in sport

GAMESMANSHIP

Study These Flashcards
A

bending the rules to gain a competitive advanteage

eg: over reacting to a challenge

17
Q

Ethics in sport

WIN ETHIC

Study These Flashcards
A

Vince lombardi = american football coach

’ if winning isnr everything why keep score’

18
Q

Ethics in sport

DEVIANCY

Study These Flashcards
A

positive = outside the norms of the sport, no intent to harm or break the rules, over adherance to the norms

negative = behaviour that does against the rules of the sport , detrimental affect on sport and individuals

examples:

PEDS = stopped by random testing by WADA

Altering player equiptment eg: sandpaper = stopped by regular checks

financial cheating eg: bribes = severe punishment for breaking the rules

19
Q

DRUGS

reasons why atheletes take drugs

social

Study These Flashcards
A
  • they dont think that they will get caught
  • fame and fourtune
  • pressure to win
  • lombardian win ethic
  • other people also take them
20
Q

DRUGS

reasons why athelets take drugs

psychological

Study These Flashcards
A
  • reduce anxiety
  • increase agression
  • increase self confidence
  • increase motivation
21
Q

DRUGS

reasons why atheletes shouldnt take drugs

Study These Flashcards
A
  • against ethics
  • caught and banned
  • bad side effects
  • damages reputation
  • loss of sponsors
22
Q

DRUGS

anabolic steriods

Study These Flashcards
A
  • structuarly related to testosterone
  • for body builders and power lifters
  • benifits = increased strength, increased muscle mass, increased power, enhansed recovery
  • harm = hormonal problems ( acne ), heart and blood vessel damage, heart attack, paranoia and mood swings
23
Q

DRUGS

beta blockers

Study These Flashcards
A
  • vasdilate arteries to lower bp
  • for atheletes who require precision ( snooker and darts )

benifits = low bp, low hr, less muscle spasms, increased precision

harm = tiredness, decrease aerobic capacity, poor circulation

24
DRUGS EPO
- hormone produced by kidney to stimulate rbc production - for endurance atheletes benifits: increased rbc, increasd o2 to working muscles, increased haemoglobin harm= increased visclosity of the blood, high blood pressure, heart attack and stroke
25
DRUGS positives for sport anf performer taking drugs
- rewards worth more then the risk = money and fame - necome a household name - only 1% get caught - makes sport more exciting - increased popularity of the sport, increasing participation
26
DRUGS negatives for sport anf performer taking drugs
- psychological and physiological affects - clouds sucess of clean atheletes - negative role models created - loose repution and spondorship - social isolation - legal action
27
DRUGS role of UKAD
- testing for over 40 sport s - lots o strategies to eliminate - educating coaches and atheletes - invest in drug detection technology - works with WADA and NGB
28
DRUGS strategies to eliminate PEDS
COORDINATED APPROACH - agencies working together, WADA, NGBs, usinf some funding, technology and facilities HARSHER PUNSIHMENTS - knows the punishment = deter people = life bans ( some cases could be accidental ) STANDARDISED SANCTIONS - all countries have the same procedure, more consistant, all atheletes know consequenses PROMOTE POSITIVE - younder generation more likeley to be clean when grown up ( could dope in future which could be copied ) SHAME NEGATIVE - showing consequenses of what happens EDUCATE ATHELETES - more aware of potential dangers ( positves may outweigh the negatives ) INVEST IN TESTING - better tsting tech will mean more atheletes will get caught ( will always be behind as unaware of what they are testing for ) BIOLOGICAL PASSPORT - looking out for specific biological variables that most reveal effects of doping
29
DRUGS argument for and against ( 8 )
everyone takes them making it fair vs some people may not want to or cnt afford drug testing is expensive and time consuming vs more cheats caught then ever before eg: ben johnson where do we draw the line ( eg: swimsuits ) vs they dont harm health asma drugs can be accidentally taken vs atheletes caoches know whats on the bannes list may not want to be rolemodels vs privilidged position, comes alongside sponsorships spend more on how t oreverse side effects rather then on testing vs no on eknows long term affects sports more exciting vs more pople may want to watch natural talent difficult to eliminated drugs due to testing always behind vs stored blood , can test past blood dopers with new tech
30
VIOLENCE examples
- mike tyson bithing evander holyfields ear due to extreme fustration from beaing head butted, lead to a disqualification
31
VIOLENCE causes
- win ethic - important events - pressure - fustration from officials - abuse from opponents/spectators - lack of punishment - nature of the sport
32
VIOLENCE impacts
- punishment - possible legal action - loss of sponsorship - damages reputation - negative media coverage - decline in participation
33
VIOLENCE strategies to eliminate
- tougher punishments - improve officiating technlogy ( not always accurate ) - promote positve rolemodels ( could be devient later on ) - education campeigns - responsibility to behave = rolemodel ( may not want to be one ) - decrease emphasis on winning ( always going to have pressure from media )
34
HOOLIGANISM what is it
- lotal, violent, under the influence normallt males
35
HOOLIGANISM causes
local derby match = fans over excited leading to violent eg: ipswich vs Norwich, delia smith car vandalism drugs and alcohol = increase agression and violence ( however cricket and rugby, biggest drinking sports, however less violence ) media hype = causing fans to become over excited lack of punishment = think they can get away with it ( some people have been arrested ) on pitch actions = players acting violently can influence fans ( however normally occours before or after ) being in a group = large group, more likely to escape punishment tribalism = home fans wanting to pretect their territory ( mostly away fans causing violence )
36
HOOLINGANISM implications
- clubs banned from enetering comps - more security measures - harder to win bids for international comps
37
HOOLINGANISM strategies to prevent
- ban on alcahol sales = less drunk means less violent - increased use of CCTV = perpatrators can be spotted and punished - early kick off times = less time to drink alcohol ad get riled up - tougher deterrents = knowing they could face punishments like jail time - removal of passports to known hoolingans = prevent travel to tournamesnts over sea
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