Endocrine FINAL

Question 1

types of insulin

Answer 1

short duration (rapid acting): lispro
short duration (slower acting): regular insulin
intermediate: NPH
long acting: Glargine

Question 2

what is the duration for each type of insulin

Answer 2

lispro: 3-5 hours
regular insulin: 6-10 hours
NPH: 16-25 hours
Glargine: 18-24 hours

Question 3

what medications help with hyperglycemia

Answer 3

Glipizide
metformin

Question 4

Glipizide
MOA, AV, Pt. edu

Answer 4

makes blood sugar “slide” down
MOA:
- stimulates release of insulin
AV:
- hypoglycemia
Pt. edu:
- s/s of hypoglycemia
- give 30 minutes before breakfast
- no alcohol

Question 5

Metformin
MOA, AV, and Pt education

Answer 5

MOA:
- decrease glucose production in liver + increase tissue response
AV:
- lactic acidosis (hyperventilation, myalgia)
Pt. edu:
- do not use with pts who have renal disease or CHF

Question 6

what medications do you use when someone has an adrenal insufficiency

Answer 6

prednisone
dexamethasone

Question 7

Prednisone
dexamethasone
MOA, AV, and Pt education

Answer 7

MOA:
- replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency
AV:
- raise glucose levels, cushing’s disease (to much adrenal hormone)
Pt. edu:
- taper when taking at high doses!
- can cause HTN

Question 8

what medication do you use when your patient has hypothyroidism

Answer 8

levothyroxine

Question 9

levothyroxine
MOA, AV, and Pt education

Answer 9

MOA:
- acts as a synthetic version of T3
AV:
- thyrotoxicosis (to much)
Pt. edu:
- take 4 hours apart of any other drugs
- take in the AM and on an empty stomach

Question 10

what medications do you use when your patient has hyperthyroidism

Answer 10

PTU
Methimazole

Question 11

PTU
MOA, AV, and Pt education

Answer 11

MOA:
- suppress synthesis of thyroid hormone
AV:
- agranulocytosis!!
- hypothyroidism (at high doses)
Pt. edu:
- monitor s/s for agranulocytosis

Question 12

Methimazole
MOA, AV, and Pt education

Answer 12

first line drug for hyperthyroidism
MOA:
- blocks synthesis of thyroid hormone
AV:
- agranulocytosis!!
Pt. edu:
- pregnant women can use in 2-3 trimesters ONLY