Endocrine System Notes

Question 1

What are Hormones?

Answer 1

• Slower broad chemical messengers
• move throughout the bloodstream
• Always has a target cell

Question 2

What are Glands?

Answer 2

Organs that make the hormones

Question 3

What are the four major steps?

Answer 3

1. Secreting Cell releases hormone
2. Carried into the bloodstream
3. Goes to the target cell
4. Protein receptor on the cell binds to the hormone and reacts

Question 4

Each hormone targets to a specific cell/receptor.

True/False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The shape of the hormone will attach to any receptors nearby

True/False?

Answer 5

False

The shape of the hormone will attach to the matching receptors only

Question 6

What shape is the thyroid gland?

Answer 6

Butterfly

Question 7

Where is the parathyroid gland?

Answer 7

Back of the thyroid gland, there are four of them, each in a corner

Question 8

When calcium is low, what is released?

Answer 8

PTH Hormone from the Parathyroid Gland

Question 9

When calcium is high, what is released?

Answer 9

Calcitonin Hormone from the Thyroid Gland

Question 10

PTH affects which bone cell?

Answer 10

Osteoclasts (Crush calcium from bone)

Question 11

Calcitonin affects which bone cell?

Answer 11

Osteoblasts (Build calcium from bone)

Question 12

What is the stimulus for Low Blood Calcium?

Answer 12

Blood Calcium -

Question 13

What is the stimulus for High Blood Calcium?

Answer 13

Blood Calcium +

Question 14

What is the receptor for Low Blood Calcium?

Answer 14

Parathyroid Gland Cells

Question 15

What is the receptor for High Blood Calcium?

Answer 15

Thyroid Gland Cells

Question 16

What is the Control Center for Low Blood Calcium?

Answer 16

Parathyroid Gland releases PTH

Question 17

What is the Control Center for High Blood Calcium?

Answer 17

Thyroid Gland releases Calcitonin

Question 18

What is the Effector for Low Blood Calcium?

Answer 18

Osteoclasts

Question 19

What is the Effector for High Blood Calcium?

Answer 19

Osteoblasts