exam

Question 1

Individual:

Answer 1

a single organism in a species. ex: a single frog in pond

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

all the organisms of a species in an area. Ex: all frogs in pond

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

all the different organisms from all different species in the same area. ex: frogs, fish, lilly pads

Question 4

Ecosystems include:

Answer 4

Individual: a single organism in a species. ex: a single frog in pond
Population: all the organisms of a species in an area. Ex: all frogs in pond
Community: all the different organisms from all different species in the same area. ex: frogs, fish, lilly pads

Question 5

Ecosystems can be classified as:

Answer 5

Natural ecosystem: NOT man made, living organisms are free to move about and interact
Artificial ecosystem: is man made, not found in nature
Aquatic: water
Terrestrial: land
Open: organisms come and go as wanted
Closed: organisms CANNOT come and leave

Question 6

Natural ecosystem:

Answer 6

NOT man made, living organisms are free to move about and interact

Question 7

Artificial ecosystem:

Answer 7

is man made, not found in nature

Question 8

open ecosystem:

Answer 8

organisms free to move and interact

Question 9

closed ecosystem

Answer 9

not found in nature, organisms CANNOT move or live freely, mostly man made

Question 10

Ecosystems rarely have sharp boundaries

true or false

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Ecosystems are highly variable

what does that mean?

Answer 11

they can be very different, have many different features and will be an ecosystem…hot/cold, dry/wet, warm/cold, large(like forest)/small(like rotten log)

Question 12

Chemical formula for photosynthesis:

Answer 12

H₂O + CO₂ → O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 13

__% of radiant energy is absorbed by earth and converted into thermal energy

Answer 13

70%

Question 14

__% reflected by clouds back into space

Answer 14

30%

Question 15

___% is used for photosynthesis

Answer 15

0.023%

Question 16

___% absorbed by land and ocean

Answer 16

51%

Question 17

__% absorbed by clouds and land

Answer 17

19%

Question 18

Trophic level-

Answer 18

levels used to categorize living things according to how they gain their energy

Question 19

what temp does nuclear fusion start at

Answer 19

Nuclear fusion begins at the temperature 15 million °C (1.5 × 107 °C).

Question 20

where does the beginning of a star start?

Answer 20

A star has its beginning deep inside a massive cloud of interstellar gases and dust called a nebula

Question 21

what is a nebula?

Answer 21

A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space

Question 22

what does a nebula consist of?

Answer 22

A nebula consists primarily of hydrogen and helium

Question 23

now/when are stars formed

Answer 23

Stars are formed when parts of nebulas collapse in on themselves.

Question 24

what is a protostar

Answer 24

A protostar is a very young star that is still gathering mass from its parent molecular cloud. its the earliest form of a star

Question 25

how to calculate cost of electricity

Answer 25

cost to operate = power used X time X cost of electricity

Question 26

how to calculate the efficiency of a device

Answer 26

energy in/energy out x 100% ___________________ e.g. %eff = e.in/e.out x 100% = 30J/120J x 100% = 0.25 x100 = 25%

Question 27

bohr

Answer 27

Niels Bohr (1913) proposed that electrons move in fixed orbits (energy levels) around the nucleus. Electrons can jump between energy levels by absorbing or releasing energy. His model explained the line spectra of hydrogen.

Question 28

Why We Experience Seasons

Answer 28

→As a result of Earth’s tilt, sunlight strikes Earth’s surface at different angles →Areas that receive sunlight at larger angles receive more sunlight for longer periods of time

Question 29

Phases of the Moon:

Answer 29

the monthly progression of changes in the appearance of the Moon, which result from different portions of the Moon’s sunlit side being visible from Earth

Question 30

eclipse:

Answer 30

the phenomenon in which one celestial object moves directly in front of another celestial object