What defines the condition known as arthritis
A condition affecting the synovial joint characterized by inflammation varying degrees of degeneration of joint structures and pain
What are the four general characteristics of arthritis regardless of type
Pain, impaired physical function, fatigue, and adverse changes in body composition
What is the definition of Osteoarthritis
A local degenerative joint disease that can affect one or multiple joints such as the hands hips spine and knees
How is Rheumatoid arthritis clinically defined
A chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease causing inflammation of the joint lining and bony erosions
What systemic effects are associated with Rheumatoid arthritis
Muscle loss ,fat gain, and accelerated atherosclerosis
What are the distinct characteristics of Osteoarthritis presentation
Joint pain, crepitus, gel phenomenon, and pain that worsens throughout the day
Which joints are primarily affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis presentation
Wrists MCPs and PIPs
What diagnostic markers are used for arthritis since there are no specific tests
Joint imaging and serum or synovial fluid studies including rheumatoid factor and C-reactive protein
When is high-intensity exercise contraindicated for arthritis patients
During periods of acute inflammation or acute flare-ups
Which modes of exercise testing may be less painful for arthritis patients
Cycle ergometry or arm ergometry
What is the resistance training intensity recommendation for arthritis patients unaccustomed to training
Lower initial intensity at 50%-60% 1-RM
What is the appropriate water temperature range for aquatic exercise to relax muscles and reduce pain in arthritis patients
83 to 88 degrees Fahrenheit
What is the definition of a neoplasm
An abnormal growth of tissue that grows by cellular proliferation more rapidly than normal and lacks structural organization
What distinguishes malignant tumors from benign tumors
Malignant tumors are fast growing, invade host tissue, and can metastasize while benign are slower growing and usually not fatal
What are oncogenes
Genes that act at the cellular level to cause uncontrolled proliferation of previously normal cells
What is the purpose of palliative surgery in cancer treatment
To remove a large tumor mass to relieve tumor burden rather than to cure
What specific exercise testing consideration applies to cancer survivors with bone metastases
Avoid direct musculoskeletal loading to metastatic lesions to prevent fractures
What hemoglobin level is considered a contraindication for exercise in cancer patients
Less than 10.0 g/dL
What platelet count is considered a contraindication for exercise in cancer patients
Less than 50 x 10^9 /mL
What white blood cell count is considered a contraindication for exercise in cancer patients
Less than 3000 /μL
What body temperature constitutes a fever contraindication for exercise in cancer patients
Greater than 38 degrees Celsius
What specific precaution must breast cancer survivors with lymphedema take during resistance exercise
Wear a compression garment and progress weight slowly
Why should swimming be avoided for cancer survivors with central lines or ostomies
To reduce infection risk in immunocompromised states
What type of activities should be avoided by cancer survivors with ostomies
Contact sports and exercises that cause the Valsalva maneuver
