Formations

Question 1

Formation Lead

Answer 1

1. Performing smooth/consistent, stable, and predictable changes in power, heading, and
   altitude.
2. Keep the flight within the proper operating area and comply with local course rules.
3. Keep the flight clear of clouds (unless on an IFR clearance) and other aircraft.
4. Always know where Wing is.
5. Execute the briefed formation sequence utilizing proper visual and radio communications.

Question 2

Wingman

Answer 2

1. Keep Lead in sight and maintain flight path deconfliction.
2. Maintain proper position.
3. Comply with Lead’s signals and give timely response.
4. Provide mutual support: Be prepared to assume the lead at any time – back up lead with navigation, communication, etc.

Question 3

Lead pursuit

Answer 3

used to decrease nose to tail separation

Question 4

Pure pursuit

Answer 4

achieved by putting wing’s nose on lead’s aircraft

Question 5

Lag pursuit

Answer 5

used to maintain or increase nose to tail separation

Question 6

Underrun when lead is wings level

Answer 6

Lower, idle, lateral

Question 7

Underrun when lead is in a turn

Answer 7

Lower, level, idle (extend speed brake if required), pass below and behind

Question 8

Parade Position

Answer 8

45* bearing line left/right side of the Lead
aircraft with proper step-down and wingtip separation.

A: Lead’s inboard exhaust stack is fully visible and touching the bottom (tangent) wing

B: placing the lower UHF antenna over the inboard aileron cutout on the opposite wing

C: Leads pitot tube on the prop arc

Question 9

Parade Turns (Away)

Answer 9

A: underside of Lead’s fuselage on the horizon

B: lower UHF antenna in line vertically with the inboard (opposite wing) aileron cutout

C: Lead’s CFS door tangent to the trailing edge of the wing

Question 10

Parade Turns (Into)

Answer 10

Lead’s angle of bank, lower the nose slightly while reducing power, matching Lead’s roll rate, and maintaining the same parade check points.

Once established, Wing will maintain the same parade references as straight and level flight.

Question 11

Crossunder

Answer 11

Simultaneously adjust power and pitch to begin drifting aft while slightly increasing step-down

The step-down checkpoint continues to be:
A) exhaust stack tangent to the leading edge of the wing.

B) Proper nose-to-tail separation has been achieved when the UHF antenna is over the dihedral bend of the wing

Question 12

Cruise Position

Answer 12

60º bearing line. 20’ of step-down, and 3-6 plane widths between aircraft

A: keeping the exhaust stack below and tangent to the leading edge of the wing

B: keeping the forward tip of the ventral fin over the inboard aileron cutout on the opposite wing

C/S: edge of the prop arc on the pitot tube

Question 13

Lead Change Procedure

Answer 13

1. The new Wing will increase wingtip clearance to approximately 20’ by using a slight wing dip away from the new Lead.
2. Wing will retard the PCL slightly and descend to obtain proper step-down prior to beginning aft movement relative to Lead. Proper step-down is established when Lead’s pitot tube is in line with the Orange and White paint line on Lead’s aircraft.
3. Once step-down is established, Wing will use power to slide aft towards the parade bearing
   line while maintaining step-down. Once on the bearing line, establish the parade scan and make
   power and attitude adjustments to maintain the proper ABCs.

Question 14

CCAS (For Recovey)

Answer 14

Cruise, Checklist (OPS/Descent), ATIS, Speeds

Question 15

Perch Position

Answer 15

defined as a position slightly stepped-up, between the 30-60° bearing lines, with 500’ of separation