Functional Groups

Question 1

Hydroxyl

Answer 1

O-H
polar bc O is electronegative
forms H bonds
acidic H donates H+
alcohols

Question 2

Carbonyl

Answer 2

C=O
ketoses= sugars w/ ketone groups
aldoses=sugars w/ aldehydes
polar
basic

Question 3

Carboxyl

Answer 3

OH-C=O (H can be donated)
acidic bc donates an H
side chains of Amino acids

Question 4

Amino

Answer 4

H-N-H (H+ can accept accept H)
basic because it accepts an H
amino acid

Question 5

Sulfhydryl

Answer 5

S-H
helps stabilize proteins by forming disulfide bonds
cystine amino acids

Question 6

phosphate

Answer 6

PO4
important in energy transfer
- charge allows it to react w/ O
hydrophilic (polar)
phospholipid heads

Question 7

Methyl

Answer 7

CH3
hydrophobic (non polar)
side chain of amino acid