Protein Diversity And function

Question 1

Enzymatic Proteins

Answer 1

Function: selective acceleration of chemical reactions

Examples:
-digestive enzyme catalyze the hydrolysis of bonds in food molecules

Question 2

Defensive Proteins

Answer 2

Function: protection against disease

Example: antibodies inactivate and help destroy viruses and bacteria

Question 3

Storage Proteins

Answer 3

Function: storage of amino acids

Example:

• Cassie, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby animals.
• Plants have storage Proteins in their seeds
• Ovalbumin is the protein of egg white, used as an amino acid source for the developing embryo

Question 4

Transport Proteins

Answer 4

Function: transport of substances

Example:

• hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein of vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body
• other Proteins transport molecules across cell membranes

Question 5

Hormonal Proteins

Answer 5

Function: coordination of an organisms activities

Examples:
-insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, causes other tissues to take up glucose, thus regulating blood sugar concentration

Question 6

Receptor Proteins

Answer 6

Function: response of cell to chemical stimuli

Example:
-receptors built into the membrane of a nerve alveolar signaling molecules released by other nerve cells

Question 7

Contractile and Motor Proteins

Answer 7

Function: movement

Example:

• Motor Proteins are responsible for the undulations of cells and flagella
• actin and myosin Proteins are responsible for the contraction of muscles

Question 8

Structural Proteins

Answer 8

Function: support

Example:

• keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers, and other skin appendages
• insects and spiders use silk fibers to make their cocoons and webs
• collagen and elastin Proteins provide a fibrous framework in animal connective tissue