Lecture 16: DNA structure and Function

Question 1

DNA structure

Answer 1

DNA is made up of two unique yet complimentary sequences of nucleotides

Question 2

DNA function

Answer 2

• some nucleotides are copied into RNA

- some RNAs code for proteins

Question 3

Chargoff’s ratio states that in a molecule of DNA

Answer 3

the percentage of adenine + gunning equals that of thymine + guanine

Question 4

Nucleotide structure

Answer 4

• phosphate group
• sugar (pentose)
• nitrogenous bases

Question 5

DNA

Answer 5

directional and complementary sequences of nucleotides

Question 6

structure of DNA directly related to function

Answer 6

1. storage of genetic information in sequences of nucleotides
2. precise replication of itself
3. susceptible to mutations: changes in the sequence of bases
4. template of synthesis of RNAs

Question 7

chromatin

Answer 7

• template for synthesis of RNA and DNA
• loosely coiled DNA that can perform RNA transcription and DNA replication
• found as nucleosomes in Eukaryotes (DNA and histones packets)

Question 8

chromosomes

Answer 8

• hereditary molecule that can be equally distributed between cells
• product of DNA replication of chromatin followed by supercoiling
• consist of two identical DNA molecules called chromatin

Question 9

in a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around

Answer 9

histone proteins

Question 10

transcription

Answer 10

synthesis of ALL RNA from DNA template in nucleus